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1、用英文介绍中国的历史文化（有中文翻译） Area:3,696,100sqmi(9,572,900sqkm).Population(2004est.):1,298,848,000.Capital:Beijing.TheHan,orethnicChinese,formmorethannine-tenthsofthepopulation.Languages:dialectsofHanChinese,Mandarinbeingthemostimportant.Religions:Buddhism,Islam,Protestantis
2、m,RomanCatholicism,Daoism(alllegallysanctioned).Currency:renminbi(ofwhichtheunitistheyuan).Chinahasseveraltopographicregions.ThesouthwesternareacontainsthePlateauofTibet,whichaveragesmorethan13,000ft(4,000m)abovesealevel;itscentralarea,averagingmorethan16,000ft(5,000
3、m)inelevation,iscalled"theRoofoftheWorld."Higheryetaretheborderranges,theKunlunMountainstothenorthandtheHimalayastothesouth.China'snorthwesternregionstretchesfromAfghanistantothenortheasternManchurianPlain.TheTienShan("CelestialMountains")separateChina'stwomajorinter
4、iorbasins,theTarimBasin(containingtheTaklaMakanDesert)andtheJunggarBasin.TheMongolianPlateaucontainsthesouthernmostpartoftheGobiDesert.ThelowlandsoftheeasternregionincludetheSichuanBasin,whichrunsalongtheYangtzeRiver(ChangJiang).Theeasternregionisdividedintonortherna
5、ndsouthernpartsbytheYangtze.TheTarimisthemajorriverinthenorthwest.China'ssmallestwatershed,inthesouthwest,providesheadwatersfortheBrahmaputra,Salween,andIrrawaddyrivers.ItsmanyotherriversincludetheXi,Sungari(Songhua),Zhu(Pearl),andLancang,whichbecomestheMekonginSouth
6、eastAsia.ThediscoveryofPekingmanin1927(seeZhoukoudian)datestheadventofearlyhominidstothePaleolithicPeriod.ChinesecivilizationprobablyspreadfromtheHuangHe(YellowRiver)valley,whereitexistedс3000BC.ThefirstdynastyforwhichthereisdefinitehistoricalmaterialistheShang(с17th
7、centuryBC),whichhadawritingsystemandacalendar.TheZhou,asubjectstateoftheShang,overthrewitsShangrulersinthe11thcenturyandruleduntilthe3rdcenturyBC.DaoismandConfucianismwerefoundedinthisera.Atimeofconflict,calledtheWarringStatesperiod,lastedfromthe5thcenturyuntil221BC.
8、SubsequentlytheQin(Ch'in)dynasty(fromwhosenameChinaisderived)wasestablished,afteritsrulershadconqueredrivalstatesandcreatedaunified
