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1、实用标准文档Warm-upØThefollowingnewshasmadeheadlinesinanumberofmajornewspapersrecently.13March,2012--TheUS,JapanandtheEuropeanUnionhavefiledacaseagainstChinaattheWorldTradeOrganization,challengingitsrestrictionsonrareearthexports.USPresidentBarackObamaaccusedChinaofbreakingagreedtraderules.Theyarguetha
2、tbylimitingexports,China,whichproducesmorethan95%oftheworld'srareearthmetals,haspushedupprices.Beijinghassetquotasforexportsofrareearths,whicharecriticaltothemanufactureofhigh-techproductsfromhybridcarstoflat-screenTVs.BeijinghasdeniedtheallegationsintheWTOcase,sayingthatitenforcedthequotastoensu
3、retherewasnoenvironmentaldamagecausedduetoexcessivemining.China'sIndustryMinister,MiaoWei,toldstatemediaagencyXinhuathatthecountrywas"activelypreparingtodefendourselves"againsttheWTOcomplaintsanddeniedthequotasweretradeprotectionism.ChineseforeignministryspokesmanLiuWeiminsaid:"Wethinkthepolicyis
4、inlinewithWTOrules.Exportshavebeenstable.Chinawillcontinuetoexport,andwillmanagerareearthsbasedonWTOrules."ØWhatkindoforganizationisWTO?Whatkindofroledoesitplayinsettlingdisputesininternationaltrade?TheWorldTradeOrganizationisaninternationalorganizationdesignedtosuperviseandliberalizeinternationa
5、ltrade.TheorganizationofficiallycommencedonJanuary1,1995undertheMarrakechAgreement,replacingtheGeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade(GATT),whichcommencedin1947.TheWTO’sprocedureforresolvingtradequarrelsundertheDisputeSettlementUnderstandingisvitalforenforcingtherulesandthereforeforensuringthattradefl
6、owssmoothly.ØNametherecentcasesoftradeconflictsthatyouknow,andfindoutthemajorcomplaints.In2009,WashingtonexpandedsanctionsagainstEuropeanfoodproductsinretaliationforEurope'sboycottagainsthormone-treatedAmericanbeef.文案大全实用标准文档Afterthe2008financialcrisis,U.S,governmentinitiatedabailoutplanofGMandCh
7、ryslertotheexclusionofforeignfirms.Asaresponse,E.U.accusedU.S.ofviolatingtheso-called"nationaltreatment"clausesintradeagreements,andputWashingtononnoticethatitwillpursuelegaltraderemediesifthefinalbailoutpackagewasdisc
