effects of the dietary level and source of sodium on growth performance, gastrointestinal digestion

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1、AnimalFeedScienceandTechnology178(2012)74–83ContentslistsavailableatSciVerseScienceDirectAnimalFeedScienceandTechnologyjournalhomepage:www.elsevier.com/locate/anifeedsciEffectsofthedietarylevelandsourceofsodiumongrowthperformance,gastrointestinaldigestionandmeatc

2、haracteristicsinturkeysJ.ab,∗abJankowski,J.Juskiewicz´,K.Lichtorowicz,Z.Zdunczyk´aDepartmentofPoultryScience,UniversityofWarmiaandMazuryinOlsztyn,5OczapowskiegoStreet,10-718Olsztyn,PolandbInstituteofAnimalReproductionandFoodResearchofthePolishAcademyofSciences,10

3、TuwimaStreet,10-748Olsztyn,PolandarticleinfoabstractArticlehistory:Theaimofthis18wkstudywastoevaluatewhetherasubstantialdecreaseindietaryReceived20March2012NacontentandtheuseofNasourcesalternativetoNaClmightaffectthegrowthperfor-Receivedinrevisedformmance,gastroi

4、ntestinaldigestionprocesses,carcassandbreastmeattraitsofmaleturkeys.28September2012Atotalof630one-day-oldheavy-typeLargeWhiteBIG-6maleturkeyswereassignedtoAccepted28September2012ninedietarytreatmentsaccordingtoa3×3factorialcompletelyrandomizeddesign.Theexperiment

5、alfactorsincludedincreasingsupplementationlevelsofNa(0.8,1.3,1.8g/kg)addedKeywords:toabasaldietcontaining0.15–0.24gNa/kg,anddifferentNasources(NaCl,NaHCO3,Na2SO4).Regardingthegastrointestinal,carcassandmeatparametersonlytwolevelsofNaDietaryNasaltsupplementation(0

6、.8,1.8g/kg)wereevaluated.IncreasingNasupplementationincreasedBloodelectrolyteIntestinethegrowthrateofbirdsduringwk0–12oftheexperiment,andthefeedconversionratioMeatinparticularoverthefirst4wk(P<0.05,0.8vs.1.3and1.8g/kg).SodiumsourcesaffectedGrowth(P<0.05)feedconver

7、sioninparticularduringwk9–12offeeding,whichwasreflectedinTurkeyadecreasedfeedconversionrateintheNaHCO3andNa2SO4treatments,comparedwiththeNaCltreatment.Thefootpaddermatitisscorewasnotaffected(P>0.05)byNalevelsorsources.Sodiumlevelsdidnotchange(P>0.05)gastrointestin

8、alparameters(i.e.pH,drymatterconcentration),buttheyreduced(P<0.05,0.8vs.1.8g/kg)theserumconcentrationsofMg,P,Na,andCl.Sodiumsourcesaffected(P<0.05)gastrointest