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1、IHomeworkofUnit1:Whatarestumblingblocksininterculturalcommunication?Howtoovercometheseblocks?UnitTwoCultureandCommunicationI.WarmUpPleasereadthestoryonpage38,thenanswerthequestions:1.WhywasTomconsideredarudehostbyhisvisitors?2.HowcanyouexplainthefactthatTom
2、ismisunderstoodwhenheactuallywantstobekindandfriendlytothevisitors?II.Reading1.Readthearticleof“WhatIsCulture”.Whatcanyoulearnaboutculturefromit?Pleaseanswerthequestionsfollowed?&Supplement:Maslow’sHierarchyofNeedsTheory(p41)第14页共14页Whatisculture?Originsofc
3、ultureinEnglishandChinese(1)“Culture”isaloanwordfromLatinmeaning“cultivatingortilling种田theland”.Itwasoriginallyassociatedwithphysicalactivitiesandproductionoffood.Later,itsmeaningwasextendedtoincludemental,moral,aesthetic美学,educationalandintellectualactivit
4、ies.IncontemporaryEnglishitsoriginalmeaningisstillretained保留.(2)“文化”isanativeword本族词inChinese.“文”and“化”wereusedtogetherintheWarringStates战国.“人文”in“观乎人文，以化成天下”referstotheinterwoven互相编织relationshipsbetweenthemonarch君主andhissubjects,fathersandsons,husbandsandw
5、ives,brothersandfriends,and“化”means“changingand/orcultivating”.Whenusedtogether,“文”and“化”mean“以文教化”.TheywerecombinedintoonewordinHanDynasty,withitsmeaningcontrastedwith“nature”ononehandand“primitiveness”原始and“savage”未开化，野蛮ontheotherhand.So“文化”wasoriginallya
6、ssociatedwithmentalactivities.1.DefinitionTheterm“culture”doesnotcorrespond一致perfectlywith“文化”.Forexamples:他没有文化(Heisilliterate.)“Whatreallybinds捆绑mentogetheristheirculture---theideasandthestandardstheyhaveincommon.”—R.BenedictAccordingtoTheConciseOxfordDic
7、tionary,cultureis“theartsandother第14页共14页manifestations表现ofhumanintellectualachievementregardedcollectively”.DefiningCulturefromtheAnthropologicalPerspective人类学观点:w“Cultureconsistsofpatterns,explicit明确andimplicit含蓄,ofandforbehavioracquiredandtransmittedbysy
8、mbols,constituting组成thedistinctive有特色的achievementofhumangroups,includingtheirembodiments体现inartifacts史前古器物;theessentialcoreofcultureconsistsoftraditionalideasandespeciallytheirattachedvalues”.-----Kroe
