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1、定语从句功能：修饰名词或代词。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。种类：限定性定语从句，非限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的关系代词：who,whom,whose;that,which,as关系副词：when,where,why解题思路：划清主从句；找准先行词；分析从句中缺少的句子成分。注：主句从句的成分必须完整；关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。关系副词做状语。1.who,whom先行词是“人”whose先行词是“人”或“物”。分别作主语；宾语；定语Thisistheman___helpedme.Thisistheman___youhelped.Doyouknowtheman___na
2、meisPearson?Iliveinaroom____windowfacessouth.注：Anyonewhocomesfirstwillgetaprize.Thosewhoarefortheplanpleasesignyournameshere.2.which:先行词是物，在从句中作主语宾语Thisisthebook__you’relookingfor.Thebuilding__isbeingbuiltwillbealibrary.3.that:先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语宾语或表语。Thelady__cametoourschoolisfromAmerica.Theboo
3、k__Ijustreadisveryinteresting.Sheisnotthelovelygirl__sheusedtobe.4.以下情况只用that不用which(1)anything,nothing,all,any,little,much,few等作先行词。(2)先行词被all,much,little,every,no,any等词修饰时,用that(3)先行词被theonly,thevery,justthe修饰(4)先行词是或被形容词最高级，或序数词修饰。(5)先行词既有人又有物时。1.IsthereIcandoforyou?which2.Ihavereadthenov
4、elswerewrittenbyJingYong.that先行词被all,much,little,every,no,any等词修饰时,用that。先行词是all,much,little,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等不定代词时,用that。whichthatallanything4.WhatisAmericanfilmyouhaveseen?5.Thatisbookheislookingfor.先行词前有theonly,thevery,justthe等修饰时,用that。先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时,用that。thefirs
5、tthevery当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,只能使用that。3.ThisiswonderfultimeIhaveeverhad.themostwhichthatwhichthatwhichthat6.Doyouknowthethingsandpersonswhichtheyaretalkingabout?1).IsthisthehouseinthatShakespearewasborn?2).Sheheardaterriblenoise,thatbroughtherheartintohermouth.thatwhichwhich当先行词既有人又有物,用that。关系代词前有
6、介词时,用which。在非限制性定语从句中,用which,不用that。5.as引导限定性定语从句，仅限于以下结构：such…as;thesame…as;“as”在从句中作成分：主语，宾语，表语Eg:Theyhopetogetsuchtoolsasyou’reusing.ThisisthesamebagasIlostyesterday.注意：A:Heissuchagoodstudent__alltheteacherslikehim.B:Heissuchagoodstudent__alltheteacherslike.A:ThisisthesamebagasIlostyester
7、day.Ｂ：ThisisthesamebagthatIlostyesterday.thatas6.非限定性定语从句：（注：通常和主句间用逗号隔开，不受主句句子结构的影响，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立）除了“that”以外，所有的关系代词和关系副词都可引导。非限定性定语从句翻译时要译成两个句子：Ihaveabrotherwhoisstudyingabroad.我有一个在国外学习的弟弟。CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.查理·史
