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1、EnglishFiguresofSpeechOutline•Figuresofspeech•Whyarefiguresofspeechused?•Whydowehavetolearnfiguresofspeech?•Classificationoffiguresofspeech.I.FiguresofSpeech:atoolofexpressingthoughtsandtheartofusinglanguageeffectivelyExamples:1)Thewindisblowinghardthrou
2、ghthewoods.2)Thelittlegirlissingingmerrily.(literal,plainstatementswhichgivemereinformationaboutsomefactsandnomore)3)Thewindisroaringthroughthewoods.4)Thelittlegirlissingingasmerrilyasalark.(Figurativestatementsorfiguresofspeech(someexpressedorimpliedcom
3、parisonsareinvolved).Thelanguageinthemiscalledfigurativelanguage.)Languageisatoolofexpressingthoughtsandrhetoricistheartofusinglanguagemoreeffectively.II.Whyarefiguresofspeechused?Moreexamples:5)Starsshinelikediamondsinthesky=Starsshinebrightlyinthesky.6
4、)Imperialismisapapertiger=Imperialismappearstobestrongbutinwardlyitisweak..Insentence5)“likediamonds”ismorevividandcolorfulthan“brightly”.Andthe“PaperTiger”ismoresuggestiveoftheoutwardferocityandinnerweaknessoftheimperialisminsentence6).Thepurposeofusing
5、figuresofspeechistocalluppicturesinthereader’sorlistener’smind,tolendforcetoanidea,toheighteneffect,ortocreateatmosphere,andtomakethewritingsmoreappealing.III.Whydowehavetolearn?•Aknowledgeofthesefigures,andofhowtheyarebestusedwillbeofhelptousnotonlyinde
6、epeningourunderstandingofwhatweread,butalsoinappreciatingmorefullythefinerpointsofawriter’sstyle.Intheprocess,wemightevenlearntowritebetterourselves,andprogressfrommeregrammaticalcompetencetorhetoricalcompetence.IV.ClassificationofFiguresofSpeech•Itisdif
7、ficulttobepreciseabouthowmanyfiguresexistedinclassicaltimes.Thenumbersrangefrom65to200ormore.Hereonlythosethatareofmostuniversalappeal,andofthegreatestpracticalvalue,areintroduced.Thefiguresofspeecharecommonlydividedintothreecategories:nA.Lexicalfigureso
8、fspeech(使用词汇手段的修辞格):simile,metaphor,personification,etc.nB.Syntacticalfiguresofspeech(使用句法手段修辞格):antithesis,parallelism,repetition,etc.nC.Phoneticfiguresofspeech(使用语音手段的修辞格):alliteration,assonance,onomatopoeiaetc.Moreexamp
