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1、DifferencesinAmericanandBritishEnglishgrammarIntroductionSpeakersofAmericanEnglishgenerallyusethepresentperfecttense(have/has+pastparticiple)farlessthanspeakersofBritishEnglish.InspokenAmericanEnglishitisverycommontousethesimplepasttenseasanalternativeinsituationswherethepresentperfectwoul
2、dusuallyhavebeenusedinBritishEnglish.Thetwosituationswherethisisespeciallylikelyare:(i)Insentenceswhichtalkaboutanactioninthepastthathasaneffectinthepresent:AmericanEnglish/BritishEnglish·Jennyfeelsill.Sheatetoomuch.·Jennyfeelsill.She'seatentoomuch.·Ican'tfindmykeys.Didyouseethemanywhere?·
3、Ican'tfindmykeys.Haveyouseenthemanywhere?(ii)Insentenceswhichcontainthewordsalready,justoryet:AmericanEnglish/BritishEnglish·A:Aretheygoingtotheshowtonight?·B:No.Theyalreadysawit.·A:Aretheygoingtotheshowtonight?·B:No.They'vealreadyseenit.·A:IsSamanthahere?·B:No,shejustleft.·A:IsSamanthaher
4、e?·B:No,she'sjustleft.·A:CanIborrowyourbook?·B:No,Ididn'treadityet.·A:CanIborrowyourbook?·B:No,Ihaven'treadityet.1.VerbagreementwithcollectivenounsInBritishEnglishcollectivenouns,(i.e.nounsreferringtoparticulargroupsofpeopleorthings),(e.g.staff,government,class,team)canbefollowedbyasingula
5、rorpluralverbdependingonwhetherthegroupisthoughtofasoneidea,orasmanyindividuals,e.g.:Myteamiswinning.Theotherteamareallsittingdown.InAmericanEnglishcollectivenounsarealwaysfollowedbyasingularverb,soanAmericanwouldusuallysay:Whichteamislosing?whereasinBritishEnglishbothpluralandsingularform
6、softheverbarepossible,asin:Whichteamis/arelosing?2.Useof“have”and“take”InBritishEnglish,theverbhavefrequentlyfunctionsaswhatistechnicallyreferredtoasadelexicalverb,i.e.itisusedincontextswhereithasverylittlemeaninginitselfbutoccurswithanobjectnounwhichdescribesanaction,e.g.:I'dliketohaveaba
7、th.Haveisfrequentlyusedinthiswaywithnounsreferringtocommonactivitiessuchaswashingorresting,e.g.:She'shavingalittlenap.I'lljusthaveaquickshowerbeforewegoout.InAmericanEnglish,theverbtake,ratherthanhave,isusedinthesecontexts,e.g.:Joe'stakingashower.I'dliketotake
