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1、翻译和写作翻译一、虚拟语气1.与过去事实相反：2.与现在事实相反：3.与将来事实相反：4.其他虚拟语气考法：1）表示“建议、假设、应该”这类词义，后面用“should+动词原型”形式：suggest,advise,propose,recommend,plan,demand,order,direct,arrange,command,decide,require,request,think,expect,believe,insist,suspect2）一些形容词或名词引起的表语从句中，也会出现这样的情况：necessary,essential,natural,strange,incredi
2、ble,apity,ashame,nowonder,lest,forfearthat,incase3）常考虚拟语气句型Itishightimethat…wouldratherthat…后面接一般过去时例：1)IfAristotleworkedintheuniversitytoday,（他就会有很大的机会教授计算机）2)Itwasessentialthat_________________________________________________________（我们在月底前签订合同）二、倒装句1.Only型倒装：例：________________________________
3、_______________________________________________（只有集中精力于工作他才能）forgetallhistrouble2.so…that型倒装：例：Sofast（光传播如此之快以至于我们无法想象它的速度）_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.否定词提前引起的倒装：never，seldom，few，little,barely，hardly，scarcely，rare
4、ly,nowhere,bynomeans,undernocircumstances,innoway,atnotime,innocase,notuntil1）改写下面两个句子：BananaswerenotbroughttoEuropeuntilColumbusdiscoveredthenewland.Theypresentedamusicalperformanceandtheyalsogaveabriefintroductiontothehistoryofwesternbrassinstrument.2）其他例句：Nowherecouldthehomelessgirlgointhecol
5、dwinter.UndernocircumstancesshallIchangemyattitudetowardswork.Neverbeforehasthemassofthepeoplebeensoinspired,somilitantandsodaringasatpresent.NosoonerhadIgonetosleepthansomeonetelephoned.Scarcelyhadwereachedhomewhenitbegantorain.4.在省略if的虚拟语气条件状语从句中这类句子中有were,had,should等词时，把were,had或should置于句首。If
6、therewerenoairorwater,therewouldbenolifeintheworld.Ifyouhadbeenmorecareful,suchspellingmistakesmighthavebeenavoided.三、非谓语动词1.分词一般式：完成形式：完成被动形式：改写：Teenagersarepressuredbyschoolwork.Theyarealsoencouragedbytheirpeers.Undersuchcircumstances,theyresorttosmoking.Butsometimestheyfeelalittleguilty.例：___
7、___________________________________________________________,(中风多年在床)，helostallhopeofrecovery.2.动名词Iwouldappreciate________________________.（如果你下午给我打电话，我将不胜感激）admit,appreciate,avoid,celebrate,consider,contemplate,defer,delay,
