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1、DYNAMICASSIGNMENTINMICROSIMULATIONSOFPEDESTRIANS11,211Authors:TobiasKretz,KarstenLehmann,IngmarHofsäß,AxelLeonhardt1Affiliation:PTVGroup1Address:Haid-und-Neu-Straße15,D-76131Karlsruhe,Germany2Affiliation:initAG2Address:Käppelestraße4-6,D-76131Karlsruhe,GermanyEmail(correspondingauthor):Tobias.Kret
2、z@ptvgroup.comABSTRACTAgenericmethodfordynamicassignmentusedwithmicrosimulationofpedestriandynamicsisintroduced.Aspedestrians–unlikevehicles–donotmoveonanetwork,butonareastheyinprinciplecanchooseamonganinfinitenumberofroutes.ToapplyassignmentalgorithmsonehastoselectforeachODpairafinite(realistical
3、lyasmall)numberofrelevantrepresentativesfromtheseroutes.Thisgeometrictaskisthemainfocusofthiscontribution.ThemaintaskistofindforanODpairtherelevantroutestobeusedwithcommonassignmentmethods.ThemethodisdemonstratedforonesingleODpairandexemplifiedwithanexample.INTRODUCTIONFindingandevaluatingtheusere
4、quilibriumnetworkloadforroadnetworks(trafficassignment)isoneofthecoretasksoftrafficplanning.Variousalgorithmstosolvethisproblemhavebeendevelopedovertheyears(Wardrop,1952)(Beckmann,McGuire,&Winsten,1956)(LeBlanc,Morlok,&Pierskalla,1975)(Bar-Gera,2002)(Gentile&Nökel,2009).Forreaderswhoarenotfamiliar
5、withtheconceptofiteratedassignmentashortsummary:thebasicideaistosimulate(orcompute)ascenariomultipletimesalwayscomputingtheassignmentontheroutesbasedontheresultsofoneormoreorallprevioussimulations(iterationsteps).Theaimistocomeupwithauser-equilibirumrouteassignmentwhichis–Wardrop’sprinciple–thatno
6、driver(orpedestrian)canachieveasmallertraveltimebychangingtheroute.Thisimpliesthattalltraveltimesoftheroutesforanorigindestinationpairareequal.Theefficientcomputationoftheassignmentfromprevioussimulationrunssuchthattheequilibriumisreachedwithasfewiterationsaspossible,isademandingtaskandprogresshas
7、beenmadethroughoutrecentdecayssinceWardropstatedhisprinciple.Themainhindrancefortheapplicationofsaidalgorithmswithpedestriantrafficisthatallthesealgorithmsareformulatedforapplicationwithdiscretenetworks,i.e.theyc
