基础英语第7 单元译文

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1、网络世界的法律：高校须知ContinuedincidentsofmisuseoftheInternetoncollegecampusessuggestthatweneedtoreexamineourexistingapproachestotheproblem.Forthemostpart,collegesandtheuniversities(muchlikelegislators)haveaddressedmisuseoftheInternetasthoughitwereanentirelynewissue.Inreality,however,itissimplyanewf

2、ormofanoldproblem:howtohandleabusesoffreespeechandsimilartypesofmisconduct.大学校园里滥用互联网的现象层出不穷，这暗示我们必须重新审视一下现行的解决滥用网络问题的方法。大多数情况下，学院和大学（还有立法者）把滥用网络作为一个新问题来讨论。其实这只是换汤不换药的事：如何处理言论自由权的滥用和类似的不当行为。Hardlyanyoneusescomputerstocomputeanymore.Instead,weusethemtocommunicate.Everydayonourcampuses,stude

3、ntsandfacultyandstaffmembersuseourcomputersystemsandnetworkstodisseminatefarmoretextsandimagesthantheNewYorkTimes,farmorethanNPR,andfarmorevideothanNBC.Theyaresendingfarmoreelectronicmailthanpapermailandengaginginfarmoreelectronicdiscussionsthantelephonecalls.Andtheirelectronicmessageshave

4、afarwideraudiencethananyofthemoretraditionalformsofcommunications.Ineffect,peopleonourcampusesareactingasinternationalpublishersandbroadcasters.如今，几乎没有人用计算机来计算，取而代之的是，我们用它来沟通交流。每天在校园里，学生、教师、员工都在使用电脑和网络。他们传播的文字和图片信息远远多于纽约时报，分享的视频多于NPR（美国国家公共电台）、NPC（美国全国广播公司），发送的电子邮件多于纸质的信，参与的网上交流也多于电话联系。他们传

5、播的网络讯息比任何一种传统的沟通方式更受欢迎。事实上，身处校园的我们正扮演着国际出版商和广播人员的角色。Ifcomputerusersareengagedinthesamekindsofcommunicationsasthetraditionalmediaare,itshouldcomeasnosurprisethattheyalsofacethesamelong-standinglegalissuesandhavethesamewell-settledlegalresponsibilitiesandliabilitiesinconnectionwiththosecommu

6、nicationsthattraditionalmediaorbroadcasters.Atbest,onlyahandfulofthemareawareoftheliable,copyright,obscenity,andotherlawsapplicabletotheiractivitiesontheInternet–letalonethefinerpointsofthe“actualmalice”doctrine,theSupremeCourt’slatestpronouncementonthefourfactorstobeconsideredinanalyzinga

7、claimof“fairuse,”orthescopeof“localcommunitystandards”inthevariousjurisdictionsthroughwhichtheirraciercommunicationsmatpass.Theyalsoknowvirtually,nothingaboutthepotentiallegalconsequencesofviolatingtheapplicablelaws.如果计算机用户之间采用与传统媒体同一的通信交流，那么他们必然也需与传统传媒一样，面对长期