资源描述：
《领导力提升-2Historical Perspective on Management (NXPowerLite)》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、LeadershipDevelopmentMasterClassModule2HistoricalPerspectiveonManagementLeader–whatisaleader"apersonwhohascommandingauthorityandinfluence."(Merriam-Webster,2000)Pre-classicleadershipKingHammurabi(2123-2071B.C.),whooriginatedacodeof282lawswhichpresidedoverbusinesst
2、ransactions,personalbehaviours,interpersonalrelations,penalties,andothersocialissuesMiddleEastLeadershipinChinawasseeninthemilitary.GeneralSunTzu,(ca600B.C.),organizedthearmyintosections,andintroducedranks.Hebelievedinhavingsoundplansforbattletoensuresuccess."Thus
3、domanycalculations[plans]leadtovictory,andfewcalculationstodefeat."ChinaChanakyaKautilya,(332-298B.C),exhibitedleadershipthroughadviceonhowtoinstituteandsustaineconomic,social,andpoliticalstability.IndiaTheearliestevidencesoflimitstothenumberofpeopleasupervisorcou
4、ldmanagewereinEgypt,inthiscaseabout10followerstooneleader.Therewasalsoanapparentseparationofeachbyadresscode.Duringthisperiod,theroleofasupervisorbegancalledavizier.Thepharaohtendedtospiritualmatterswhileviziersattendedtoworldlymatters,adelegationofauthority.Thevi
5、zierswere,"directors,organizers,coordinators,anddecisionmakers"EgyptSocrates(469-399B.C.)believedthatthosethatknowhowtodelegatewillbesuccessfulwhilethosewhodonotdelegatewillnotbesuccessful. Plato(428-348B.C.),ontheotherhand,commentedonhumandifferences.Thisinturn,h
6、ebelieve,ledtoadivisionoflabour,onepersonmightbeexcelinonetaskwhileanotherwillexcelinadifferenttask.GreeceThusthediscussionaboutwhatconstitutesgoodleadershipandmanagementisnotnewTherearealsogreatexamplesofgoodleadershipGreekhistorianXenophonPeterDrucker “Perhapson
7、eofthebestleadershipaccountseverwritten”WhyStudytheClassicalLiteratureofLeadership?InhisadvanceagainstthePersianking,CyrustheYoungerusedmanyGreekmercenariesleftunemployedbythecessationofthePeloponnesianWar.CyrusfoughtArtaxerxesIIintheBattleofCunaxa.TheGreekswerevi
8、ctoriousinthatbattle,butCyruswaskilled.Shortlythereafter,theGreekgeneralClearchusofSpartawasinvitedtoapeaceconference,atwhichhewasbetrayedandexecuted.Cu
