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1、What’sYourEmotionalIQ?ByDanielGolemanItwasasteamyafternooninNewYorkCity,thekindofdaythatmakespeoplesullenwithdiscomfort.Iwasheadingtomyhotel,andasIsteppedontoabus,Iwasgreetedbythedriver,amiddle-agedmanwithanenthusiasticsmile.“Hi!Howareyoudoing?”hesaid.Hegreetedeachriderinthesameway.Asthebuscraw
2、leduptownthroughgridlockedtraffic,thedrivergavealivelycommentary:therewasaterrificsaleatthatstore…awonderfulexhibitatthismuseum…hadweheardaboutthemoviethatjustopeneddowntheblock?Bythetimepeoplegotoff,theyhadshakenofftheirsullenshells.Whenthedrivercalledout,“Solong,haveagreatday!”eachofusgaveasm
3、ilingresponse.Thatmemoryhasstayedwithmeforcloseto20years.Iconsiderthebusdriveramanwhowastrulysuccessfulatwhathedid.ContrasthimwithJason,astraight-AstudentataFloridahighschoolwhowasfixatedongettingintoHarvardMedicalSchool.WhenaphysicsteachergaveJasonan80onaquiz,theboybelievedhisdreamwasinjeopard
4、y.Hetookabutcherknifetoschool,andinastruggletheteacherwasstabbedinthecollarbone.Howcouldsomeoneofobviousintelligencedosomethingsoirrational?TheansweristhathighI.Q.doesnotnecessarilypredictwhowillsucceedinlife.PsychologistsagreethatI.Q.contributesonlyabout20percentofthefactorsthatdeterminesucces
5、s.Afull80percentcomesfromotherfactors,includingwhatIcallemotionalintelligence.Followingaresomeofthemajorqualitiesthatmakeupemotionalintelligence,andhowtheycanbedeveloped:1.Self-awareness.Theabilitytorecognizeafeelingasithappensisthekeystoneofemotionalintelligence.Peoplewithgreatercertaintyabout
6、theiremotionsarebetterpilotsoftheirlives.Developingself-awarenessrequirestuningintowhatneurologistAntonioDamasio,inhisbookDescartes’Error,calls"somaticmarkers"——literally,gutfeelings.Gutfeelingscanoccurwithoutapersonbeingconsciouslyawareofthem.Forexample,whenpeoplewhofearsnakesareshownapictureo
7、fasnake,sensorsontheirskinwilldetectsweat,asignofanxiety,eventhoughthepeoplesaytheydonotfeelfear.Thesweatshowsupevenwhenapictureispresentedsorapidlythatthesubjecthasnoconsciousawarenessofseeingit.Throughdeliberateeffortwecanbecome
