6.4.1 量词范围

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1、6.4.1量词范围量词（quantifiers）不是一种词类，而是血多与量词有关的词和短语，它们包含：1）许多与数量有关的代词和限定词，如some，any，much，any等。2）各种数词，如two，half，athird，80%等。3）名词和of构成的表数量的短语，如alotof，plentyof等。4）某些与数量有关的形容词，如enough，whole，half等。5）某些与数量有关的名词，如feet，miles，years，dozen等。6）某些与数量有关的合成词，如afive-dollarbill

2、，a6-pagesummary等。7）某些与数量有关的的所有格，如twomonths’stay，fourweeks’notice等。下面将简要地加以处理。6.4.2与数量有关的代词和限定词1）有很多作定语的代词和限定词，特别是不定代词和相关限定词，可用来表示数量：Howmuchrentdoyoupay?Fewwordsarebest.Manyhandsmakelightwork.Thismightseverseveralpurposes.2)这类代词也可作主语、宾语等，表示数量：a.主语：mostofth

3、epeoplehavefled.Noneofusaresurprised.Manyalittlemakesamickle.b.宾语或介词宾语：heatealittlebeforegoingout.Idon’tknowmuchaboutpsychology.Afriendtoallisafriendtonone.有关这类词，详见5.6.5-5.7.76.4.3由“名词+of”构成的量词1）这类量词为数很多，他们都加在所修饰词前面：Alotofpeoplehavethesameexperience.Ihave

4、livedherequiteanumberofyears.Shehadplentyofimagination.Weneedasufficientamountofflour.Agoodmanyofthemarebeginners.Helostagreatquantityofblood.Wewalkedacoupleofmiles.Shehadaheapoftrouble.IhaveatonosworktodobeforeIleave.Shebearsaloadofanxiety.I’veamassofthi

5、ngstoseetothismorning.有些这类名词可用复数形式，强调数量之多：Numbersofpeoplecametothemeeting.We’vehadquantitiesofrainthissummer.I’vegottonsofletterstowrite.Sheboughtlotsoffood.Thatmanseemstohaveheapsofmoney.Therearemassesofpeopleinthehall.2)有些这类词表示“少量的”：Sheisjustouttodoabit

6、ofshopping.Heputapinchofsaltinhissoup.Shehasatouchofcold.Adashofvinegarmighthelpthesalad.Haveaspotoftea.There’snotashredofevidencethathetookthemoney.Thereisagrainoftruthinhisassertion.Therewasatraceofjealousyinhervoice.Thereisnotaspeckoftruthinhisclaim.Wi

7、llyouhaveadropofbrandy?3)有些这类量词与形状有关：Ineedaballofstring.Hewassuchingasstickoftoffee.Thepresidentwassurroundedbyaringofbodyguards.Thereisastripofstickytaperoundthelid.Ashaftofsunlightbringtenedtheroom.Ellibroughtabunchofflowers.Athreadoflightemergedfromthe

8、keyhole.Agoathasatuftofhaironitschin.Awalloffirestoodbeforethem.Therewasagushofbloodashiswoundre-opened.Aloudgustoflaughtercamefromthenextroom.Thefountainsentupajetofwater.Streamsofpeoplewerecomingoutoftherailwaysta