NTO-Based Explosive Formulations- A Technology Review

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1、NTO-BasedExplosiveFormulations:ATechnologyReviewMatthewW.SmithandMatthewD.CliffWeaponsSystemsDivisionAeronauticalandMaritimeResearchLaboratoryDSTO-TR-0796ABSTRACT3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one(NTO)isanexplosiveingredientunderinvestigationasapotentialinsensitiv

2、ereplacementforRDXinexplosiveformulations.AlthoughitsperformanceisslightlylessthanthatofRDX,NTOisthermallymorestableandlesssensitivetohazardstimuli.ExplosivecompositionsbasedonNTOarethereforemorelikelytobeExtremelyInsensitiveDetonatingSubstances,andmunition

3、sfilledwiththemmaymeetthecriteriaofbothInsensitiveMunitions(IM)andHD1.6classificationforstorageandtransportation.ThisreportexaminesthecurrentlyavailableliteratureonNTOanditsuseinexplosivecompositions,andrecommendsfutureworktoexplorethepossibleapplicationofN

4、TOinIMcompliantexplosivesfortheADF.RELEASELIMITATIONApprovedforpublicreleasePublishedbyDSTOAeronauticalandMaritimeResearchLaboratoryPOBox1500SalisburySouthAustralia5108AustraliaTelephone:(08)82595555Fax:(08)82596567©CommonwealthofAustralia1999AR-010-873Marc

5、h1999APPROVEDFORPUBLICRELEASENTO-BasedExplosiveFormulationsExecutiveSummaryEnergeticmaterialsareinherentlyhazardous,andaccidentsinvolvingexplosive-filledmunitionshavecomeatahighcostintermsofweaponsplatforms,personnelandmateriel.Inresponsetosuchaccidents,pro

6、gramshavebeenestablishedworldwidetodevelopInsensitiveMunitions(IM)whichrespondlessviolentlytoaccidentalenvironmentalstimuli,andpolicieshavebeeninstitutedtoadoptsuchweaponsintoservice.InlinewiththisphilosophytheADFalsohasestablishedapolicyfortheadoptionofIMi

7、ntoitsinventory.Thereareseveraldifferentapproachestothedevelopmentofinsensitivemunitions,butprominentamongthemistheuseofexplosivefillingswithreducedsensitivity,butinwhichperformanceisnotcompromised.TwoavenuesbywhichtoapproachIM-compliantexplosivecomposition

8、sarethesubstitutionofsensitiveingredientswithintrinsicallylesssensitivematerials,andtheuseofatough,rubberypolymericmatrixtoabsorbenvironmental“abuse”andtoprovidephysicalandchemicalisolationoftheenerget