Characteristics of major traditional regional cheese varieties of East-Mediterranean countries

《Characteristics of major traditional regional cheese varieties of East-Mediterranean countries》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。

1、DairySci.Technol.88(2008)495510Availableonlineat:cINRA,EDPSciences,2008www.dairy-journal.orgDOI:10.1051/dst:2008023ReviewCharacteristicsofmajortraditionalregionalcheesevarietiesofEast-Mediterraneancountries:areviewEfstathiosAlichanidis,AnnaPolychroniadou*DepartmentofFoodScienceandTechnology,Aristot

2、leUniversityofThessaloniki,54124Thessaloniki,GreeceAbstractTraditionalcheesesrepresentaheritageandaretheresultofaccumulatedempiricalknowledgepassedonfromgenerationtogeneration.PedoclimaticconditionsinmostpartsoftheEast-Mediterraneanandneighbouringcountriesarecharacterisedbyrelativelysmallandirregula

3、rprecipitations,hotanddrysummers,andalargelyhillyterrain.Suchenvironmentalconditionsarenotveryfavourableforcattlebutsuitableforsheepandgoats.Thus,themajorityoftraditionalcheesesinthesecountrieswereandmostofthemstillaremadefromthemilkofthesetwoanimals.Therelativelyhighambienttemperature,thelackofrefr

4、igerationfacilitiesandthefactthatmostofthecheeseswereproducedinfamilyenterprisesorinsmallartisanalunitsledthecheesemarkettobedominated(>50%)bywhitebrinedcheeses(WBC),whichareripenedandstoredunderbrineuntilconsumption,e.g.Feta,DomiatiandBeyaz-Peynir.WBChavenorind,nogasholesandaresofttosemi-hardwithan

5、acidic(pH∼4.5),saltyand,someofthem,piquanttaste.Toimprovekeepingquality,thedrainedcurdofsomeWBCisadditionallyscaldedatveryhightemperatures(90100◦C),e.g.HalloumiandNabulsi.Traditionalcheesesoftheregionalsoincludepastafilatasemi-hardcheeses(e.g.Kashkaval),thecurdofwhichafterdrainingandacidification(pH∼5

6、.2)issubjectedtoatexturisingprocess(heating,kneadingandstretchingat∼75◦C).Theyusuallyhaveaflat-cylindricalshape,noholesandstraw-yellowtoyellowcolour.Wheycheeseproduction(e.g.Myzithra,Manouri,Lor,Anari,UrdaandSkuta)wasdevelopedveryearlyinthisarea,sincethewheyfromsheepsandgoatsmilkcheeseisveryrichinpro

7、tein.Theyieldcanbeimprovedifthemilkofthesesmallruminantsand/orcreamisaddedtothewhey.East-Mediterraneancheese/whitebrinedcheese/wheycheese/pastafilatacheese/goatscheese/ewescheese摘要地中海东部国家传统区域性干酪的主要特性：综