美国文学20th poetry

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1、20thPoetry1.1PoliticalBackground:WorldWarⅠThepeopleweredisappointedwiththesociety.nothinghadchanged.Theheroism,patriotism,andthezealfordemocracyhadprovedtobefalseandtastelesstoagenerationExcitementandenthusiasmsubsidedtomakewayfordisillusionment1.2EconomicBackgrou

2、nd:1.2.1rich:Massproduction,massconsumption,andmassleisurebecameessentialtoeconomicandculturallifeandweresoontodominatethenation'scultureandinstitutions.Oldmoralcodeswerebreakingdown.Oldmodesofperceptionwerequestioned.1.2.2GreatDepression:1929-1930sCulturalBackgro

3、und1.Darwin'stheoriesofevolution.2.Nietzsche(1844-1900)Godisdead.Withoutfaithmancouldnolongerkeephisfeelingandthoughtwhole;withoutfaithmannolongerfeltsecureandhappyandhopefulinhisworld.Hencethefeelingofgloomanddespair.3BertrandRussell(1872-1970)Inhis"AFreeMan'sWor

4、ship,"theuniversehadbecomepurposelessandindifferenttohumanwishes.4FreudThetheoryunconsciousness.Conclusionlifewasameaninglessandfutileaffairandmanfelthomeless,estranged,andhauntedbyasenseofdoomLostgenerationJazzAgeModernPoetryForm:1.colloquialandeconomiclanguage2.

5、freeverse(norhymerhythmmetersmetrics韵律学,作诗法)3.Therepresentivepoets:T.S.EliotandEzraPondWilliamcarolsWilliamscontent(theme)alamentation(哀悼）overthegeneralmoraldeclineinthemodernworld.thelossofacoherentmoralworldorder.Spiritualwasteland,Westerncivilizationhavedecline

6、d.Patriotism-----corruption;goodmorality---badmoral;roseandnightingale----noisycarandplane;romanticlove----sexualityCubism立体派AnonobjectiveschoolofpaintingandsculpturedevelopedinParisintheearly20thcentury,characterizedbythereductionandfragmentationofnaturalformsint

7、oabstract,oftengeometric几何的,structuresusuallyrendered着色asasetofdiscreteplanes.立体派：20世纪初出现于巴黎的一个绘画和雕刻抽象流派，其特征是把各种自然形态简化并分裂成抽象的、通常为几何形状的结构，并常被描绘成一系列互不相联的平面DadaismEuropeanartisticandliterarymovement(1916-1923)thatflouted轻视conventionalaestheticandculturalvaluesbyprodu

8、cingworksmarkedbynonsense,travesty滑稽的转写,andincongruity不调和的.达达主义运动：欧洲文学艺术界的运动(1916-1923年），通过随意涂写、嘲讽、不和谐的作品，来藐视传统的艺术和文化价值Symbolism:Thepracticeofrepresenti