unit 10 Teaching Speaking

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1、Unit10TeachingSpeakingAimsofthisunit:1.Toknowthedifferencesbetweenspokenandwrittenlanguage;2.Thecharacteristicsofspokenlanguage;3.Theprinciplesforteachingspeaking.4.Tointroducesometypicaltypesofspeakingactivities;5.Howtodesignandorganizespeakingactivi

2、ties.I.Thecharacteristicsofspokenlanguage1.Thepurposeoflearningspeaking Itisanimportantpartofeverydayinteractionandmostoftenthefirstimpressionofapersonisbasedonhis/herabilitytospeakfluentlyandcomprehensibly. Learningspeakingcanacceleratethelearningofl

3、istening,readingandwritinginEnglish.Thepurposeofleaningspeakingare:l)Totrainstudents’oralability;2)Tofosterstudents’talentinEnglishlanguageandculture;3)Tofosterstudents’abilityofthinkinginEnglish;2.Twomainfactorsaffecttheimprovementofspeakingability1)

4、 Surroundings;2) Psychology3.Thecharacteristicsofspokenlanguage.1)SpeakingisaskillthatcanbeimitatedandpracticedSpeakingisaskill,justlikeswimming,drivingacar,orplayingping-pong.Bygate(1987:4)pointsoutone“fundamentaldifferenceisthatknowledgeandskillcanb

5、othbeunderstoodandmemorized,butonlyaskillcanbeimitatedandpracticed”.2)Speechisspontaneous.Speechisspontaneous.Thatis,inmostsituations,peopledonotplanaheadoftimewhattheyaregoingtosay.Bygate(1987:8)pointsoutthatteachersmayberequiringtheirstudentstodomor

6、eforward-thinkingandplanningthannativespeakersdoinreallife!83)Speakingistime-constraint.Thestudentsmustbeabletoproduceunplannedutterancesinrealtime,otherwisepeoplewillnothavethepatiencetolistentothem. 4.Differencesbetweenspokenandwrittenlanguages Acco

7、rdingtoBygate(1987),therearefourcommonfeaturesofspokenlanguages:1)Usinglesscomplexsyntax;2)Takingshortcuts,e.g.incompletesentences;3)Usingfixedconventionalphrases/chunks.4)Usingdevicessuchasfillers,hesitationdevicetogivetimetothinkbeforespeaking.TASK2

8、Consideringtheaspectsofthenatureofspokenlanguagediscussedabove,whichofthefollowingactivitiesdoyouthinkwouldhelptopreparestudentsforreallifespeechinEnglish?1.readingaloud2.givingapreparedtalk3.learningapieceoftextordialoguebyheart4.interviewing