笔译基础二第八讲

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1、第八讲汉语四字词组的英译李国玉liguoyu85@sina.cn2014分类固定词组（成语）：瓮中之鳖、扬眉吐气、一针见血、冷若冰霜、山穷水尽、格格不入自由词组：品种齐全、质地优良、色泽鲜明、欢迎光临、国有资产、思想深沉、性格坚强四字词组的修辞效果言简意赅形象生动朗朗上口一、四字成语的英译四字成语是人们长期社会文化生活的积累，是一种约定俗称的语言形式。四字成语的语言符号意义与语用意义并非总是统一的，翻译是要注意区别，尽量做到在最大程度上保留形式与内容的统一，但不能统一时，应该优先考虑其语用效果。1.直译如鱼得水临阵磨枪猫哭老鼠对牛弹琴雨后春

2、笋tofeellikefishinwatertosharpenone’sspearonlybeforegoingtobattleThecatweepsoverthemouse.toplaytheharptoabull.likebambooshootsafteraspringshower.所以这李纨虽青春丧偶，且处在膏粱锦绣之中，竟如“槁木死灰”一般，一概不问。——《红楼梦》Sothisyoungwidowlivinginthelapofluxurywasnobetteroffthanwitheredwoodorcoldashes,takin

3、gnointerestintheoutsideworld.2.套用相似的英语习语以牙还牙隔墙有耳一文不名绞尽脑汁针锋相对千钧一发浑水摸鱼空中楼阁乳臭未干赴汤蹈火atoothforatoothwallshaveearswithoutapennytoone’snametorackone’sbrainsgivetitfortathungbyathreadtofishintroubledwatercastlesintheairbewetbehindtheearstogothroughfireandwater学生们三三两两地坐在教室里。Thestud

4、entstooktheirseatsintheclassroombytwosandthrees.不要斤斤计较。Donothaggleovereveryounce.3.意译成意思相同的英语习语徒劳无益小题大做直截了当水中捞月掌上明珠害群之马toholdacandletothesuntomakemuchadoaboutnothingwithoutfurtheradotofishintheairtheappleofone’seyeablacksheep她经常在邻里之间搬弄是非。Sheoftentellstalesamongtheneighbors

5、.只有破釜沉舟地跟他们拼，也许还有翻身的一天。Allyoucandoisburnyourboatsandfighttheminthehopethatonedayyou’llcomeoutontop.4.意译明火执仗快马加鞭牵肠挂肚五光十色单枪匹马立竿见影鸡毛蒜皮顺手牵羊todoevilthingsopenlytospeeduptobefullofanxietyandworrymulticoloredallbyoneselftogetinstantresultsTriflestowalkoffwith…他们为敌人效尽犬马之劳。Theywork

6、edfaithfullyintheserviceoftheenemies.敌军闹得全村鸡犬不宁。Theenemytroopsthrewthewholevillageintogreatdisorder.那个小伙子有点愣头愣脑的。Theyoungfellowissomewhatrash.我的事现在搞得满城风雨，人尽皆知了。Therehadbeentoomuchpublicityaboutmycase.他虽然还小，但对将来要从事的事业已经是胸有成竹了。Youngasheis,hehashadawell-thoughtplanabouthisfut

7、urecareer.方案一公布，大伙儿就七嘴八舌议论开了。Thepublicationofthedrafttouchedoffalivelydiscussionwitheveryoneeagertoputinaword.5.直译&意译竭泽而渔todrainapondtocatchallthefishkillthegoosethatlaysthegoldeneggs打草惊蛇tostirupthegrassandalertthesnakewakeasleepingdog易如反掌tobeeasyasturningoverone’shandasea

8、syasfallingoffalog掌上明珠apearlinthepalmtheappleofone’seye二、四字排比结构的英译ChineseEnglish虚实杂糅理性准确繁