当代国际救灾体系比较研究

《当代国际救灾体系比较研究》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。

1、中共中央党校博士学位论文当代国际救灾体系比较研究姓名：游志斌申请学位级别：博士专业：国际政治指导教师：李忠杰20060501基层自勺．志愿者救灾队伍，实现“政府包办型”向“全民参与型”的救灾体系转变；促进救灾体系全流程管理的标准化，注重灾前、灾中、灾后等各个环节的衔接，实现“环节断裂型”向“全流程控制型”救灾体系转变；整合防救灾的资源，结合救灾体系和民防体系、军队体系的资源，加强救灾机构和队伍的建设，完善垂直和横向管理体系，建立救灾资料库和共享平台，实现“分割粗放型”向“共享集约型”的救灾体系转变；进一步加强灾害的区域化合作，建立防灾救灾的固定合作和信息交流等机制，实现“区域封闭型”向“

2、国际合作型”的救灾体系转变，进而完善与全面建设小康社会和构建社会主义和谐社会的进程及目标相适应的救灾体系。关键词：救灾；救灾体系；应急机制；救助机制AbstractThisyear,2006，marksthe30,hanniversaryoftheTangShahe盯tbquakeandthe20manniversaryoftheChemobylnucleardisaster．Theformerisanaturaldisasterwhilethelaterinas哪ebelongstoamanmadeincident．However,somelessonscanbedrawnfrombo

3、ththem．Forinstance,sluggishresponse,absenceofprofessionalreliefequipments，chaoticdispatchesandslowassistance,erecouldbeseenduringthedisasters．Circumstanceshavechanged埘ththepassageoftime,thetsunamiinIndianOceanhasOnceagainwarnedthehumanitytofllrtherdeepentheir$onseoftakingprecautionsagainstnatumlc

4、alamities，tostrengthentheirabilityandimprovereliefsystemindisasterpreventionandrelief．Todaydisastersincludenotonlynaturaldisastersbutalsoartificialcreatedones．Somebigcountrieshavemadeeffortstosummarizingtheirlessonsfrommcirexperiences．Forexample,theJapanesegovernmenthasformulatedaseriesoflawsinth

5、eaftermathoftheKobeearthquakein1995inanattempttopromoteoptimizationofitscomprehensivedisasterreliefprocess．AftertheSeptembernterroristattacks,theU．S．governmentestablishedthehomelandSectwityOffice,andbroughttheFederalEmergencyManagementAgency,amajorsectorresponsiblefordisasterrelief：underitsleader

6、shipwithapurposetoenhanceitsabilityforcomprehensivedisasterpreventionandrelief．InChinagreateffortshavebeenmadesinceSARSin2003，theStateCoundlissuedageneralplan011emergencyresponse,andalsoestablishedsomeagencieslikethe‘StateAdministrationofWorkSafetyandtheofficeofEmergencyManagementfordealingwithun

7、expectedincidents．Undoubtedlytheadvancedexp硝encefromoutsidemustbehelpfulforimprovingeachcountry'sabilityOndisasterrelief．Atpresent,thereliefsystemsandactivitiesdifferfromcountrytocountry,andfromcontinenttocontinent,bec