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1、Infinitive动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式分为带to的不定式(e.g.asksbtodosth),和不带to的不定式(e.g.makesbdosth)。动词不定式的时态和语态的变化：动词不定式的一般式：表示动作与句子中的谓语动词同时发生或之后发生。Iwanttohaveacupoftea.(同时)shestoppedtohaveacupoftea.(之后)Itispossibleforourhopestoberealized.(被动)动词不定式的完成式：表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前。Shesaidshewasveryhappytohavemetyo
2、u.Shepreferredtohavebeengivenheavierworktodo。(被动)动词不定式的进行式：表示不定式的动作在谓语动作同时正在发生。Theyseemedtobetalkingaboutsomethingimportant.动词不定式的完成进行式：表示在谓语所表示时间之前一直进行的动作。Wearehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou.动词不定式的否定式：nottodosthIaskedhimnottobelate.动词不定式可以在句子中充当主语，宾语，表语，宾语补足语，定语(后置)，状语。1)做主语Toseeisto
3、believe.Toactlikethatisfoolish.一般我们用it做形式主语来替代。Itisfoolishtoactlikethat.ItisnoteasyforustolearnEnglishwell.Itiskindofyoutothinksomuchofus.常用于下列结构中：(1)Itis/was+adj.+(ofsb.)todo…（如good/kind/nice/clever/foolish/selfish…）(2)Itis+adj.+(forsb.)+todo…（如easy/difficult/hard//unwise/possible/n
4、ecessary…）(3)Itis+a/an+名词+todo...（如apity/ashame/apleasure/one’sduty/anhonor…）(4)Ittakes(sb.)sometime/courage/patience…todo…(5)Itrequirescourage/patience/hardwork…todo…2)做宾语shedeterminedtolearnEnglishwell.Hefailedtopasstheexam.常见的不定式做宾语的动词有：want,wish,*hope,manage,ask,offer(提出),pretend
5、,intend,decide,care,choose,expect,desireseem,happen,*appearetc.某些及物动词think,believe,consider,feel,find,make等后常用it作形式宾语WeallfinditimpossiblenottodohomeworkinFrenchclass.动词不定式做定语：当不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，要用主动表被动。Hiswordsaredifficulttounderstand.3)做表语Herwishistobecomeanartist.Todothiswouldbetocu
6、tthefoottofittheshoe.4)做定语(后置)Iwanttogetsomethingtoreadduringtheholidays.Shewasthefirstpersontothinkoftheidea.Ihavenothingtoworryabout.4)做定语(后置)注意:a)theonly及序数词,顺序词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常接不定式作定语.eg.Heisalwaysthefirstonetocometoschool.b)作定语的不定式若是不及物动词,或名词是不定式动作的地点,工具等,不定式后须有相应介词.Pleasegivemeakn
7、ifetocutwith.Pleaseusetheknifetocutit.5)做状语：我们经常用不定式来做状语，修饰动词，表示动作的目的，结果或原因。Wemustusetherighttoolstodoagoodjob.(目的)WhathaveIsaidtomakeyousoexcited?(结果)Wejumpedwithjoytohearthenews.(原因)注意“onlytodo”表示没有想到的结果Eg.Hearrivedonlytofindthetrainhadjustleft.不定式常在做表语的形容词之后做状语。Iamsorry/gladtohear
8、that.Hewasan
