不定式THE INFINITIVE

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1、THEINFINITIVE1.FormTheinfinitiveisthebaseformofaverb.Itmaybeprecededby'to'(the to-infinitive) orstandalone(the baseorzeroinfinitive).2.Infinitivewithorwithout'to'Theto-infinitiveisused:·aftercertainverbs.e.g. want,wish,agree,fail,mean,decide,learn·aftertheauxiliaries tobeto, tohaveto,

2、and oughtto·inthepattern'itis+adjective+ to-infinitive'Exampleswith'to'·Theelephant decided tomarry themouse·Themouse agreed tomarry theelephant·You willhave toask her·You are toleave immediately·He ought torelax·She has togo toBerlinnextweek·It'seasy tospeak English·Itishard tochange

3、 jobsaftertwentyyears·It'sstupid tobelieve everythingyouhearwithout'to'·I wouldrather visit Rome.·She wouldrather live inItaly.·Wouldyourather eat steakorfish?·He wouldrather work inabank.·I'drather be aforestthanatree.18THEZEROINFINITIVEThezeroinfinitiveisused:1.aftermostauxiliaries 

4、(e.g. must, can, should, may, might)2.afterverbsofperception,(e.g. see, hear, feel) withthepattern verb+object+zeroinfinitive3.aftertheverbs 'make' and 'let',withthepattern make/let+object+zeroinfinitive4.aftertheexpression 'hadbetter'5.aftertheexpression 'wouldrather' whenreferringto

5、thespeaker's own actions Examples:Afterauxiliaries:·She can't speak toyou.·He should give hersomemoney.·Shall I talk tohim?·Would you like acupofcoffee?·I might stay anothernightinthehotel.·They must leave before10.00a.m.Afterverbsofperception:·He saw her fall fromthecliff.·We heard t

6、hem close thedoor.·They saw us walk towardthelake.·She felt thespider crawl upherleg.Aftertheverbs'make'and'let':·Herparents let her stay outlate.·Let's go tothecinematonight.·You made me love you.·Don't make me study thatboringgrammarbook!NOTICE thatthe 'to-infinitive' isusedwhen 'ma

7、ke' isinthepassivevoice:·I ammadetosweep theflooreveryday.·She wasmadetoeat fisheventhoughshehatedit.After'hadbetter':18·We hadbetter take somewarmclothing.·She hadbetter ask himnottocome.·You'dbetter not smile atacrocodile!·We hadbetter reserve aroominthehotel.·You'dbetter give meyou

8、raddr