2008年3月高级口译听力原文

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1、Section1LISTENINGTEST(30minutes)SpotDictation:Directions: Inthispartofthetest,youwillhearapassageandreadthesamepassagewithblanksinit.Fillineachoftheblankswiththewardorwordsyouhaveheardonthetape.Writeyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceinyou ANSWERBOOKLET.Re

2、memberyouwillhearthepassageonlyonce.TodaywewilltalkaboutwhatothereffectswatchingTVmightproduceonchildren.Childrenshouldbediscouragedfromwatchingalotoftelevision.Manyexpertsandparentsagree.Butthereisatleastonecircumstancewhenthatmightbebeneficial,mutingpa

3、in.ArecentstudyconductedbyItalianresearchersfoundthatchildrenwhoviewedcartoonsimmediatelyprecedingandduringbloodtestsexperiencedlesspainthanchildrenwhosemothersattemptedtodistractthemduringtheprocedureorchildrenwhosemotherswereatpresentbutdidnotinteractw

4、iththem. TheresearchledbyCarloBrownMDattheUniversityofSiennaispublishedintheArchivesofDiseaseinChildhood.69childrenparticipatedinthestudy.Nonereceivedanytypeofanesthesia.Thechildrenandtheirmothersdeterminetheirpainscores.Boththegroupswhosemothersattempte

5、dtodistractthemfromthebloodtestsandthosewhosemotherssimplyobservedreportedsubstantiallyhigherpainratingsthanthegroupwhowatchedthecartoons.Forthatgroup,thelevelsofpainwerelessandthechildrenwerebetterabletotoleratethepaintheydidexperience. Oneofthepossible

6、explanationsisthatchildrenmighthavepickedupontheirmothersanxietyduringtheprocedures,exacerbatingtheirperceptionofpain.Thehigherpainlevelreportedbychildrenduringmothers’effortsatdistractionshowsthedifficultymothershaveininteractingpositivelyatadifficultmo

7、mentintheirchildren’slife,theauthorswrite.However,theystressthatthemother’spresencestillprovidedbenefits,notingthatthechildrenwouldappreciatenotbeingleftaloneduringtheprocedures.Indeed,childrenstatethathavingtheirparentpresentprovidesthemostcomfortwhenin

8、pain,saystheauthors.AnotherpossibilityofferedforconsiderationisthenotionthatthepleasureofwatchingTVmightreleasepain-quellingendorphins.Endorphins,biochemicalcompoundsproducedbythepituitaryglandresembleopiatesintheirability