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1、http://mycsinfo.blog.hexun.com/2009.9．13高级口译真题9.13高口SpotDictation(精准版)Formorethantwocenturies,America’scollegesanduniversitieshavebeenthebackboneofthecountry’sprogress.Theyhaveeducatedthetechnical,managerialandprofessionalworkforceandprovidedgenerationaftergeneration
2、ofnationalleaders.Today,educatorsfromaroundthecountryareuptofindmanyreasonsfortheexcellenceofAmericanuniversities.ButfourhistoricActsstandoutaswatersheds.First,educationforthemass.In1862,CongressenactedtheLandGrantCollegeAct,whichessentiallyextendedtheopportunityofhi
3、ghereducationtoallAmericans,includingwomenandminorities.Eachstatewaspermittedtoselllargetractsoffederalland,andusetheproceedstoendowatleastonepubliccollege.Second,competitionbreedssuccess.Overtheyears,thedecentralizationanddiversityoftheAmerica’scollegesanduniversiti
4、eshavepromotedcompetitionforstudentsandresources.CompetitivepressurefirstaroseduringtheCivilWarwhenpresidentLinconcreatedtheNationalAcademyofSciencetoadviseCongressonanysubjectofscienceandart.TheAcademy’simpactreallygrewafterworldwarIIwhenalandmarkreportcommissionedb
5、ythethenpresidentarguedthatitwasthefederalgovernment’sresponsibilitytoprovideadequatefundsforbasicresearch.Insteadofbeingcentralizedingovernmentlaboratories,scientificresearchbecamedecentralizedinAmericanuniversitiesandgeneratedincreasinginvestment.Italsogavegraduate
6、studentsresearchopportunitiesandhelpedspreadscientificdiscoveriesfarandwide,tothebenefitofindustry,medicineandsocietyasawhole.Thirdly,investinginthefuture.TheendofWorldWarIIsawthepassageoftheservicemen’sReajustmentActof1944.Thelaw,whichprovidedforacollegeorvocational
7、educationfor
http://mycsinfo.blog.hexun.com/returningveterans,madethehighereducationsystmenaccessibleinwaysthatwereinconceivableinEurope,openingthedoorsofbestuniversitiestomenandwomenwhohadneverdreamedofgoingtocollege.Finally,promotingdiversity.Thecreationoffederallo
8、anandsubsidyprogramsaswellasoutrightgrantsforcollegestudentsbroughtmuchneededdiversitytohigheductionandfurtherhelpedtodemocratizeac
