Translation%20Theory%20and%20Practice[1]

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1、TranslationTheoryandPracticeNiangenHuangPLAUniversityofScienceandTechnologyDefinitionofTranslation翻译：Acourseintheschoolcurriculum,ajob,apieceofliterarywork,translationworkitselfTranslationisrenderingofideasorconceptsfromonelanguageintoanother,i.e.,thefaithfulrepresentationinthetarget

2、languageofwhatiswrittenorsaidintheoriginallanguage.Translationisascience,anart,oracraftorskill.Scopeoftranslation:EnglishtoChineseandviceversa;oralinterpretationandwrittentranslation;Scientificmaterialsandliteraryworks,politicalessaysandpracticalwriting(officialdocuments,contracts,no

3、tices,receipts,etc.)RetrospectLiterarytranslationintheWest:300B.C.TranslationofBuddhistScriptureInChina:EastHanDynasty,148A.D.(1100B.C.)ExtensiveUseinModernSociety:Cross-culturalexchangeandcommunication,Internationalconference,Business,CooperationamongU.NmembercountiesProgressofScien

4、ceandTechnology,EconomicDevelopmentandTranslation:PracticeinJapan:Organizedtranslation(experttranslators)tokeepupwiththeadvanceofnewideasandinventions.ImportanceofProperTranslationTranslationisanimportantmeansofcommunication,especiallyforustheChinese.Dexteroustranslationhelpspromotes

5、themutualunderstandingwhileimpropertranslationleadstoconfusion.Examples:菜单：menu文艺复兴：renaissance芳芳牌唇膏：fangfang(longsharptoothofadog,asnake’spoisonoustooth);白象:whiteelephant,白酒:whitewine街道妇女:streetwomen三陪：threecompanies(escortservice,bargirl)PrinciplesorCriteriaofTranslation严复：信（faithf

6、ulness)、达(expressiveness)、雅(elegance),three-characterguideputforwardin1898,butevokingmuchcontroversy.Newvarietyofstandardsorcriteria:忠实/准确(faithfulness/accuracy),流畅(smoothness).PrinciplesforscientificliteraturetranslationFaithfultotheoriginalmeaningsandviews,andfaithfultotheoriginalf

7、ormandstyle.Smooth:easyandreadable,andidiomaticexpressioninthetargetlanguage(EtoC,orCtoE),freefromformulaandmechanicalcopyingfromdictionaries.AttitudestoTranslationTranslationprocess:comprehension(mostimportant)andexpression(naturalconsequenceofthoroughcomprehension)Difficultyinpract

8、icaltranslat