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1、StabilizationofLayeredMetalOxidespresentedbyMichaelThackerayChemicalSciencesandEngineeringDivision,ArgonneAnnualMeritReviewDOEVehicleTechnologiesProgramBethesda,MarylandFebruary27,2008VehicleTechnologiesProgramThispresentationdoesnotcontainanyproprietaryorconfidentialin
2、formation.Purpose,BarriersandGoals,Approach,CollaboratorsPurposeofWork¢Designanddeveloplowcost,highcapacity,highpowerMn-basedcathodesBarriers¢Lowenergy,cost,cyclelifeandabusetolerancelimitationsApproach¢Exploitstructurally-integratedelectrodematerials,suchas‘layered-lay
3、ered’xLiMnO•(1-x)LiMOand‘layered-spinel’xLiMnO•(1-x)LiMO2322324(M=Mn,Ni,Co)toaccesstheirintrinsichighcapacity.Collaborators¢Co-investigators:S.-H.Kang,C.Johnson,J.Vaughey,R.Benedek¢C.Grey,J.Cabana(SUNY,StonyBrook)¢X.Yang,W.Yoon(BNL)¢P.Bruce(St.AndrewsUniversity,UK)¢P.No
4、vak(PaulScherrerInstitute,Switzerland)¢PrimetPrecisionMaterials(Ithaca,NY)VehicleTechnologiesProgramReviewers’CommentsonPreviousWork¢RelevancetoDOE/FCVTGoalandBATTObjectives¾“Reviewersfoundtheworktoberelevant”¢SpecificRecommendations:¾“Thisworkshouldbenotonlysupported,b
5、utalsoextended,ifpossible.Continue,highpriority.”¾“Focusonimplementationintobatteriesproject.Trytofindanexperiencedcellmakerthatcanimplementthismaterial.”Commercializationofthismaterialisinprogress.¾“Focusonelectrolyteand/oradditiveswouldlikelypayoff.”¾“Concernsaboutele
6、ctrolytestabilityat4.6Vexpressed.”Fluoride-stabilizationtechniqueshavebeenimplemented.VehicleTechnologiesProgramTopics¢StrategybehindusingintegratedelectrodestructuressuchasxLiMnO•(1-x)LiMO(M=Mn,Ni,Co)232¢Stabilizationofelectrodesurfacesathighpotential(>4.4Vvs.Li0)¢Anom
7、alouscapacityfromMn-richxLiMnO•(1-x)LiMOelectrodes232¢Theoreticalmodeling:Dissolutionvs.H+ion-exchangeinreactionsinmetaloxideelectrodesVehicleTechnologiesProgramStrategy:UseStructuralUnits(insteadofiondopants)toStabilizeElectrochemically–ActiveMaterials3VElectrodesSolid
8、Electrolytesβ-MnO2r-MnO2°IAlNaNOAgNa+conductionplaneinactiveγ-Al2O3spinelγ-MnO2:Intergrowthofβ-MnO2blockandram
