第四届华政杯全国法律翻译大赛初赛试题

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1、第四届“华政杯”全国法律翻译大赛初赛试题试题一(239words)FewinformedobserversofAmerica'sciviljusticesystemwoulddisputethatAmericanswhocannotaffordlegalrepresentationincourt"routinelyforfeitbasicrights,notduetothefactsoftheircaseorthegoverninglaw,butduetotheabsenceofcounsel."Forgingasolutiontothisseriousp

2、roblem,however,hasprovenelusive,withtheUnitedStatesnowlaggingfarbehindotheradvancedindustrialdemocraciesinensuringaccesstojusticeforitslow-incomepopulation.Litigationstrategiesaimedatachievingtherecognitionofaconstitutionallybasedrighttocounselhavefounderedasjudgeshavehesitatedtoe

3、stablishnewrightsthatwouldlikelybeonerousforthegovernmenttosupportandenforce.Meanwhile,legislatorshavebeenreluctanttocommitsubstantialadditionalpublicfundstomakeaciviljusticesystemalreadyregardedaswastefulanddysfunctionalevenmorelitigious.Againstthisbackground,itisnoteworthythatal

4、lthreebranchesofCalifornia'spoliticallyfracturedstategovernmentrecentlyralliedaroundanewapproachtotheproblemintheformofAssemblyBill(AB)590.Thelegislation,signedintolawinthefallof2009,establishespilotprogramsthatwillbegintogivelow-incomeCaliforniansaccesstocounselin"civilmattersinv

5、olvingcriticalissuesaffectingbasichumanneeds."Definedbythreekeyelements—legislativeasopposedtojudicialline-drawing,targetedexperimentation,andanemphasisonpragmatismoverjudiciallyenforceableguarantees—AB590representsanimportantnewmodelforexpandingaccesstojusticetolow-incomepeople.试

6、题二(263words)Asallcriminaljusticeobserversknow,theUnitedStatesConstitutionrequiresthesuppressionofevidencefoundbyillegalpoliceactivity.Texas'sstatutoryexclusionaryrulegoesevenfurtherbyexcludingevidenceillegallyprocuredbyprivatecitizens.Texas'sexpansiveexclusionaryruleisdrasticallyo

7、ut-of-stepwiththerestofthenationandverybeneficialtocriminaldefendants.TheTexasCodeofCriminalProcedurespecifiesthat"noevidenceobtainedbyanofficeroranyotherpersoninviolationoffederalorstatelawshallbeadmittedinevidenceagainsttheaccusedonthetrialofanycriminalcase."Underthisrule,ifanin

8、dividualcitizenviolatesastatutory