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1、外文翻译原文：TheinfluenceoforganizationalcultureonattitudestowardorganizationalchangeChangeisthemovementawayfromapresentstatetowardafuturestate(GeorgeandJones,1996)orgenerallyaresponsetosomesignificantthreatoropportunityarisingoutsideoftheorganization(Gilgeous
2、,1997).Today,thebusinessenvironmentischangingfast.Thechangesintechnologylikecomputerizationande-commercehavecreatedaquantumleapindatacommunication,workprocessesandthewayofdoingbusiness.Withtheimpendingmovetowardglobalizationandliberalizationofmarkets,org
3、anizationshavetobepreparedtocopewiththerapidchangesinthebusinessdynamics.Everyorganizationmustsubmittothevaryingdemandsandchangesintheenvironment.Changeswithinanorganizationtakeplaceinresponsetobusinessandeconomiceventsandtoprocessesofmanagerialperceptio
4、n,choice,andactionswheremanagersseeeventstakingplacethatindicatedtheneedforchange(Pettigrew,1985).Manyorganizationsfoundchangetobearealchallenge.Thechangeprocessineachorganizationisuniqueineachsituation,duetothedifferencesinthenatureoftheorganization,the
5、natureofthebusiness,theworkcultureandvalues,managementandleadershipstyle,andalsothebehaviorandattitudeoftheemployees.Further,theriskoffailureisgreateraspeoplearegenerallyresistanttochanges.Forsome,changemaybringsatisfaction,joyandadvantages,whileforother
6、sthesamchangemaybringpain,stressanddisadvantages.AccordingtoLinstoneandMitroff(1994),therewerethreefactorstobeconsideredinimplementingchangeprocesses,thatisthetechnological,organizationalandpersonalperspectives.Althoughpeoplearethemostimportantfactorinma
7、kingchange,however,theyarealsothemostdifficultelementtodealwith(LinstoneandMitroff,1994).Therefore,managingthehumanpartoftheorganizationbecomesamajorchallengeinhandlingchangeprocessesintheorganizationasitinvolvesvalues,preferences,andattitudestowardapart
8、icularactivity.Attitudes,forinstance,aredifficulttochangeaspeoplearegenerallymorecomfortablewithwhattheyhavelearnedorknewduetostereotyping,fearoftakingrisks,intolerancetoambiguity,andpossiblytheneedtomaintaintradition(Dunh
