Shape Control of Colloidal Metal Nanocrystals.pdf

《Shape Control of Colloidal Metal Nanocrystals.pdf》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。

1、reviewsP.Yangetal.ColloidsDOI:10.1002/smll.200701295ShapeControlofColloidalMetalNanocrystalsAndreaR.Tao,SusanHabas,andPeidongYang*FromtheContents1.Introduction.............3112.NanoparticleMorphology..............3123.SeedNucleation......3144.NanocrystalGrowthandSelectiveAdsorbates.........

2、.......................3175.ApplicationsforShapedMetalNanocrystals..3196.SummaryandOutlook................................323Polyhedralmetalnanocrystals.Keywords:·colloids·nanocrystals·nanoparticles·shapecontrol3102008Wiley-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaA,Weinheimsmall2008,4,No.3,310–325ShapeControl

3、ofColloidalMetalNanocrystalsColloidalmetalnanoparticlesareemergingaskeymaterialsforcatalysis,plasmonics,sensing,andspectroscopy.Withintheseapplications,controlofnanoparticleshapelendsincreasingfunctionalityandselectivity.Shape-controllednanocrystalspossesswell-definedsurfacesandmorphologies

4、becausetheirnucleationandgrowtharecontrolledattheatomiclevel.Anoverallpictureofshapedmetalparticlesispresented,withaparticularfocusonsolution-basedsynthesesforthenoblemetals.Generalstrategiesforsyntheticcontrolarediscussed,emphasizingkeyfactorsthatresultinanisotropic,nonsphericalgrowthsucha

5、scrystallographicallyselectiveadsorbatesandseedingprocesses.1.IntroductionThescientificmantraof“structuredictatesfunction”–ahighlyselectivecatalysis.Optimizingnanocatalystmorphol-tenetlargelytaughttobiologistsandbiochemists–isquick-ogyhasbecomeaprolificareaofinvestigation.Theseexcit-lybeing

6、adoptedbyresearcherswhodealwithmaterialsatingpossibilitieshaveraisedthekeyquestion:canweration-thenanoscale.Inbiology,thiscatchphraseisexemplifiedbyallycontrolnanocrystalshapeandsurfacemorphology?proteinswhoserolesinspecificchemicalpathwaysareForthenoble-metalsystems,crystallographiccontrol

7、strictlydeterminedbythewaytheselargebiomoleculesfoldoverthenucleationandgrowthofnanoparticleshasbeenorformhierarchicalstructuresbasedonchemicalinterac-mostwidelyachievedusingcolloidalmethods.Inmosttionswiththemselvesorothermolecules.Tochemists,phys-cases