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页数:16页
时间:2019-03-08
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1、reviewsP.Yangetal.ColloidsDOI:10.1002/smll.200701295ShapeControlofColloidalMetalNanocrystalsAndreaR.Tao,SusanHabas,andPeidongYang*FromtheContents1.Introduction.............3112.NanoparticleMorphology..............3123.SeedNucleation......3144.NanocrystalGrowthandSelectiveAdsorbates.........
2、.......................3175.ApplicationsforShapedMetalNanocrystals..3196.SummaryandOutlook................................323Polyhedralmetalnanocrystals.Keywords:·colloids·nanocrystals·nanoparticles·shapecontrol3102008Wiley-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaA,Weinheimsmall2008,4,No.3,310–325ShapeControl
3、ofColloidalMetalNanocrystalsColloidalmetalnanoparticlesareemergingaskeymaterialsforcatalysis,plasmonics,sensing,andspectroscopy.Withintheseapplications,controlofnanoparticleshapelendsincreasingfunctionalityandselectivity.Shape-controllednanocrystalspossesswell-definedsurfacesandmorphologies
4、becausetheirnucleationandgrowtharecontrolledattheatomiclevel.Anoverallpictureofshapedmetalparticlesispresented,withaparticularfocusonsolution-basedsynthesesforthenoblemetals.Generalstrategiesforsyntheticcontrolarediscussed,emphasizingkeyfactorsthatresultinanisotropic,nonsphericalgrowthsucha
5、scrystallographicallyselectiveadsorbatesandseedingprocesses.1.IntroductionThescientificmantraof“structuredictatesfunction”–ahighlyselectivecatalysis.Optimizingnanocatalystmorphol-tenetlargelytaughttobiologistsandbiochemists–isquick-ogyhasbecomeaprolificareaofinvestigation.Theseexcit-lybeing
6、adoptedbyresearcherswhodealwithmaterialsatingpossibilitieshaveraisedthekeyquestion:canweration-thenanoscale.Inbiology,thiscatchphraseisexemplifiedbyallycontrolnanocrystalshapeandsurfacemorphology?proteinswhoserolesinspecificchemicalpathwaysareForthenoble-metalsystems,crystallographiccontrol
7、strictlydeterminedbythewaytheselargebiomoleculesfoldoverthenucleationandgrowthofnanoparticleshasbeenorformhierarchicalstructuresbasedonchemicalinterac-mostwidelyachievedusingcolloidalmethods.Inmosttionswiththemselvesorothermolecules.Tochemists,phys-cases
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