上海外国语大学翻译硕士初试真题与答案

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1、2016年上海外国语大学专业学位英语口译/笔译初试英语翻译基础（100分）12月26日14:00—17:00I.Cloze.(共15个空，一空两分，共30分)卷子上的标题是Here’swhythe“Americancentury”willsurviveriseofChinaTheAmericancenturywillsurvivetheriseofChinaJosephNyeMarch25,2015EntropyisagreaterchallengethanChinesegrowth,writesJosephN

2、yeIn1941TimeeditorHenryLuceproclaimed“theAmericancentury”.Somenowseethiscomingtoanendas1.aresultofthenation’seconomicandpoliticaldecline.ManypointtotheexampleofUSfailuretoconvinceitsalliestostayoutoftheAsianInfrastructureInvestmentBank,Beijing’srivaltotheWor

3、ldBank;butthiswas2.moreanexampleofafaultydecisionthanevidenceofdecline,whichraisesthequestionofwhatisthenaturallifecycleofanation.Acenturyisgenerallythelimitforahumanorganismbutcountriesaresocialconstructs.Romedidnotcollapseuntilmorethanthreecenturiesafterit

4、reacheditsapogeeofpowerin117AD.AfterAmericanindependencein1776HoraceWalpole,theBritishpolitician,lamentedthathisnationhadbeenreducedtothelevelofSardinia,justasBritainwasabouttoentertheindustrialrevolutionthat3.powereditssecondcenturyasaglobalpower.Anyefforta

5、tassessingAmericanpowerinthecomingdecadesshould4.takeintoaccounthowmanyearliereffortshavebeenwideofthemark.Itischasteningtorememberhowwildly5.exaggeratedUSestimatesofSovietpowerinthe1970sandofJapanesepowerinthe1980swere.TodaysomeseetheChineseas10fttallandpro

6、claimthis“theChinesecentury”.China’ssizeandrelativelyrapideconomicgrowthwillbringitclosertotheUSintermsofitspowerresourcesinthenextfewdecades.ButthisdoesnotnecessarilymeanitwillsurpasstheUSinmilitary,economicandsoftpower.6.EvenifChinasuffersnobigdomesticpoli

7、ticalsetback,manyprojectionsaresimplelinearextrapolationsofgrowthratesthatarelikelytoslowinthefuture.7.Moreover,economicprojectionsareonedimensional.TheyignoreUSmilitaryandsoftpoweradvantages,suchasthedesireofstudentsaroundtheworldtoattendUSuniversities.They

8、alsooverlookChina’sgeopolitical8.dis-advantagesintheAsianbalanceofpower,comparedwithAmerica’srelationswithEurope,JapanandIndia,whicharelikelytoremainmorefavourable.Itisnotimpossiblethatachalleng