Butos and McQuade 1999 mind， market， and institutions ---knowledge problem in Hayek.pdf

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1、Mind,MarketandInstitutions:TheKnowledgeProbleminHayek'sThoughtWilliamN.ButosDepartmentofEconomicsTrinityCollegeHartford,CT06106USAwilliam.butos@trincoll.edu&ThomasJ.McQuadeDepartmentofEconomicsTrinityCollegeHartford,CT06106USAtmcquade@home.com(October,1999)Mind,MarketandInstitutions:TheKnowledgePr

2、obleminHayek'sThought**WilliamN.ButosandThomasJ.McQuadeI.IntroductionThesuccessofHayek's"grandproject"hasbeenmixedandcertainlysubjecttointervalsofbothacceptanceandrejection.Hayek'sworkhashelpedtoinspirethedevelopmentofneo-Austrianismandhisworkon"dividedknowledge"andthepricesystem(Hayek1937,1945)ha

3、sbeenusedbymodernWalrasianstostudytheefficiencypropertiesofdecentralizedprices.Atthesametime,however,partlyinreactiontothe"Keynesianavalanche"Hayek'searlyworkintradecycleslapsed1intoveritableobscurityafterWorldWarIIand,notwithstandingHayek'srediscoveryinthe1970's,itisstilllargelythecasethathistech

4、nicaleconomicshasnotregainedtheprominenceitonceenjoyedasanactiveandexpandingprogramofresearch(despitethemisplacedrecognition2LucasandothersgavetoHayek'scycletheory).Hayek'soverallresearchprogramconcernedtheproblemoforderinthesocialrealm.Upthroughthe1940shisworkcenteredonitscatallacticdimension,spe

5、cificallyinconnectionwithtradecyclesandmarkettheory.Laterhecarriedthisinterestintoavarietyofotherareasaswell,includingthecognitiveorderandbroaderquestionsinsocialandconstitutionaltheory.ThecommonthemethatconnectstheseinquiriesabouttheproblemoforderinvariouscontextsisHayek'sclaimthatconstraintsexis

6、tonwhatcanbeknown.Hayek'sinquiriesacrossseveraldomainsdealwithepistemologicalmattersconcerningtheproblemsassociatedwiththedistributionofknowledge,thestructuresinwhichitinheres,andtheimplicationswhichconstraintsonknowledgesuggestfortheunderstandingofphenomenainthesocialrealm.ThethemeofknowledgeinHa

7、yek'sworkwillbeoverviewedinthispaperbyexaminingHayek'scognitivetheory,certainaspectsofhisworkinmarkettheory,andhislaterworkthatwerefertohis"broadersocialtheory."Theargumentismadethat"constraintsonknowledge"isauni