国外健康地理学研究进展

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1、2012年第3期总第125期人文地理文章编号：1003-2398（2012）03-0023-05国外健康地理学研究进展刘晓霞，邹小华，王兴中（西安外国语大学旅游学院·人文地理研究所，西安710128）PROGRESSOFHEALTHGEOGRAPHYINWESTERNCOUNTRIESLIUXiao-xia,ZOUXiao-hua,WANGXing-zhong(SchoolofTourismandResearch,InstituteofHumanGeography,Xi’anInternationalStudiesUniversity,Xi’an710128,China)Abstr

2、act:MedicalGeographycanbeseenastheapplicationofgeographicaltheoryofthestudyofhealth,dis-easeandmedicalcare.ThegeographicalstudyofMedicalGeographyhaslongexisted.Astheproductiveforcesdevelop,theconcernsofpsychologicalandmentalhealthofhumanbeingaregraduallyemphasizedbyMedicalGeography.In1970s"Sci

3、enceRationalism"ofHumanGeographyisquestionedandthe"NeoHu-manisticGeography"rises,whichadvocatesfindingoutreal"regionaldifferences"andchangethe"rational-ism"ofgeographywithsocio-culturalviews,soastoachievehumanism.Thisbringsaboutthesocio-culturalturnofHumanGeography.InthistrendthetraditionalMed

4、icalGeographybeginsitstransformationto"HealthGeography",whichmainlyconcernsabouthealthandhealthcare.ThetransformingofMedicalGe-ographyintoHealthGeographymainlybehavesontwoaspects:theoryandmethod,andresearchcontents.HealthGeographyemphasizestheapplicationofthetheoryofplace,whichincludestwoparts

5、:1)theinflu-enceofthesocialenvironmentofcommunityandlocationthepressurecausedbythemonhumanhealth;2)theeffectsoftheconstructionofhealthcarelocationsontheformationofresidents'senseofplace.Thebor-rowingofmulti-disciplinetheoriesistheotherofthetheorychange.Theemphasisofqualitativemethodin-steadoft

6、raditionalquantitativemethodcanbeseenasthemostimportantmethodologicalchange.Thechangeofresearchcontentsincludes:1)thesocialandspatialequalityconcernofhealth;2)effectsofurbancommunity(neighborhood)environmentonhumanhealth;3)concernaboutdisadvantagedpeople,whichin-cludewomenandminorityraces;4)qu

7、estioningandcriticizinggovernment'shealthpolicy;5)theresearchofhealthtourism.Learningfromtheabroaddevelopment,HealthGeographyinChinashouldpayattentiontofollowingaspects:1)theconstructionofhealthcarefacilitiesincommunitymustputemphasison