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1、DESALINATIONELSEVIERDesalination173(2005)25-32www.elsevier.com/Iocate/desalRemovaloffluoridefromelectronicindustrialeffluentbyROmembraneseparationa*P.I.Ndiayea,P.Moulln,L.Dominguezb,J.C.Milletb,F.CharbitaaLaboratoireenProcOdksPropresetEnvironnement(LPPE-UMR6181),UniversitOd'
2、Aix-Marseille111,Europdledel'Arbois,13545AixenProvenceCedex04,FranceTel.+33(4)91288270(EGIM)/42908505(LPPE);Fax+33(4)9142908515;e-mail:philippe.moulin@univ.u-3mrs.fr~RockwoodElectronicMaterials-WaferReclaimFrance,ZIdesPradeaux,13850Grdasque,FranceReceived22June2004;accepted:
3、27July2004AbstractTheelectronicsindustrygenerateslargeamountsoffluoride-containingeffluents.Theobjectiveofthisstudyistostudythefeasibilityofapplyingreverseosmosis(RO)membraneseparationtoreducefluorideloadtolessthan1kg/d.Theeffectoftransmembranepressureontheremovaloffluoridei
4、onhasbeeninvestigatedindetail,andthedesignparametersofasmallROseparationunitwereestimated.Thepresentstudyindicatedthattherejectionoffluorideionistypicallyhigherthan98%,consideringthattheROmembranewasfullyregeneratedaftereachsetofexperiments.Theeffectofupstreamconcentrationon
5、therequiredmechanicalpressurewasdeterminedbyestimatingthetheoreticalosmoticpressureofthefeedsolution.Forindustrialeffluents,theprocessdevelopedinthisworkallowsustoreducethetreatedvolumefrom6m3/dto0.36m3/dwithoutanypretreatmentoraddingadditionalcompounds.ThecostofthedesignedR
6、Oseparationplant(E76,000)ismuchlessthanthatoftheconventionaltreatment(E533/m3)thatdealsmainlywithvolumesratherthanspecificfluorideremoval.Keywords:Fluoride;Reverseosmosis(RO);Wastewater;Electronicindustry1.Introductionsibleconcentrationoffluorideioniskeptunder1.5mg/L(OMSnorm
7、s).InIndia,themaxi-Fluorideisamongthehazardousinorganicmumconcentrationoffluorideintheeffluentspeciesthatseriouslythreatenstheaquaticpermittedtodischargeintopublicsewagevariesenvironment.Therefore,themaximumpermis-from10to1.5mg/L[I].Ontheotherhand,fluorideisbeneficialtohuman
8、sforprotecting*Correspondingauthortheteethenamel;however,ifingestedingreat0
