[英语学习]英语翻译资料及笔记

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1、1999年（下）翻译试卷一、汉译英（50％）妈妈退休了，闲在家中。她身体不好，不便多做家务，时常是早晨上公园散步，回来躺一会儿；中午吃完午饭，再上楼躺一会儿；晚上看完最后一个电视节目，又是睡觉。久而久之，我们开始觉得她精神反倒不如以前了。她太闲了，力气活不能多做，又没有读过什么书，我们想不出有什么办法可以消除她的寂寞。白天，爸爸和我们兄妹都要上班；晚上妹妹要去夜校，我也要在自己房里看书，好象只有吃晚饭的时候，我们才有机会和她在一起聊聊。尽管能和她说的事实在不多，但在这样的时候，她会显得特别高兴，特别有

2、精神。二、英译汉（50％）Somescientistsconsiderthatsleepisaninstinct,abasicneedforthebodyandmindtorelaxandtoescapefromtheresponsesneededwhileawake.Webecometiredinbodyandmindifwedonotsleep,andscientistshaveprovedthatwhenwedosleeptheelectricalactivityofthebrainslowsd

3、own,althoughitmaybestimulatedwhenwedream.Onechemicaltheoryisthatasubstanceneededtomaintainthewakingstatebecomesexhaustedandmaybereplenishedinsleep.Acontrarysuggestionisthatsomepoisonoussubstancesbuiltupinwakefulnessmaybedestroyedwhenwegotosleep.Otherthe

4、oriesconnecttheneedforincreasedwakefulnesswiththedevelopmentofthemoresophisticatedareasofthebrain.Thiscouldexplainwhynewbornbabieswhosepowersofreasoninghavenotyetdeveloped,spendmostoftheirlivesasleep.Ithasbeendemonstratedthataparticularpartofthebrain,th

5、ereticularformation,ifsevered,causecontinuoussleep.Althoughwearenotsurewhywesleep,thereisnodoubtthatweneedtodosoandsodomostotheranimals.Thepatternofsleepandwakefulnessiscloselyconnectedwithourhabitsandsenses.Animalswhichdependuponsightforfood,shelterand

6、defence,likeman,arediurnal.Thatmeanstheyareforthemostpartactiveduringthedayandasleepatnight.Theamountofsleepneededbyapersontoremaininfullhealthvariesconsiderablywithage,withdifferentindividuals,andeven,perhaps,withrace.Pre-schoolchildrengenerallyneedten

7、totwelvehourssleep,schoolchildrenninetoelevenhoursandadultsseventoninehours.Adultsseemtoneedprogressivelylesssleepastheygrowolder,andexceptionalcaseareknownofelderlypeoplewhohaveremainedhealthyontwotothreehoursanight.IthasbeensaidthattheJapanese,bothchi

8、ldrenandadults,sleeplessthanEuropeans,butthatmaybeduetohabitratherthantorace.英语翻译试题课程代码：00087 将答案写在答题纸相应位置上，否则不计分。PartOneⅠ.MultipleChoiceQuestions(30points,2pointsforeach)A.Directions:Thispartconsistsoftensentences,eachfollowedby