资源描述：
《初高中衔接教材之定语从句》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
TheAttributiveClause定语从句概念什么是主句、从句？主句(mainclause;principalclause)∶即句子的主体,能单独使用或出现的句子。从句(SubordinateClause)是复合句对学生来说又是一个新“名词”中不能独立成句，但具有主语部分和谓语部分，由that、who、whom，when，why，where,how，which等引导词引导的非主句部分。There’saphotocompetitionthatIwanttowin.(Book5Moudle7Unit1)主句引导词从句什么是定语从句？在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,定语从句在句中做定语成分。定语从句通常置于它所修饰的名词(或代词)之后,这种名词(或代词)叫做先行词。通俗地说，先行词就是被定语从句所修饰的词。从句的特点：①由引导词引导；②从句的时态要服从于主句；③从句的语序为陈述句的语序； 定语从句的结构通常为：先行词+引导词+从句先行词引导词e.g.：I’mlookingforthephotosthatyoutookinAustralia.(Book5Moudle7Unit1)定语从句52 that为引导词，在从句中代替thephotos引导定语从句的关联词分为关系代词和关系副词，在从句中代替先行词。关系代词(who,whom,whose,that,which等)在定语从句中可用作主语、定语、宾语等；关系副词(when,where,why等)在定语从句中只用作状语。e.g.：Thephoto最好词汇丰富些，换一个词汇会更好(which)welikedbestwastakenbyZhaoMin.(B5M7U3)定语从句which为引导词，在从句中代替thephoto,并做从句中的宾语，可以省略。定语从句Thisgodwhichhastheheadofacowwasnormallyplacedinsideamummy.(Lesson77NewConceptEnglish2)which为引导词，在从句中代替thisgod,并做从句中的主语。ThemummyofanEgyptianwomanwhodiedin800B.C.hasjusthadanoperation.(Lesson77NCE2)定语从句Who为引导词，在从句中代替anEgyptianwoman，并做从句中的主语增加相应的练习，便于学生理解。练习方式最好不用单项选择题。52 E.geg.小写.：Hegotintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。注意:关系词要在从句中充当一定的成分。关系代词所替代的词在从句中不能再出现。如何将两个简单句合成一个含定语从句的复合句？ 步骤：①找到先行词；②确定主句；（翻译）③在整个从句之前加上引导词，且将从句中的“先行词”去掉，然后放在主句的先行词之后。（代入）Example:小写①Mr.Smithhadbroughtboughtacar. Thecarwasdestroyedinanearthquake. 分析：①先行词car；②主句：Thecarwasdestroyedinanearthquake.52 ③Mr.Smithhadbroughtacar.→which∕thatMr.Smithhadbought. 结论：④Thecarwhich/thatMr.Smithhadboughtwasdestroyedinanearthquake.将下列两个句子合并成为一个定语从句。①Hewassurprisedatthetrousers. Hismothershortenedittwice._______________________________________________________②Thestorywasverylong. Thestorywastoldbythefamouswriter._______________________________________________________③Englishisalanguage. Englishiswidelyusedinbusiness._______________________________________________________④Hegavemeabook. Thebookisofgreatvalue._______________________________________________________⑤Thisisthecar. Hecamehereinthecar._______________________________________________________⑥Isawthemanjustnow. Heistheman._______________________________________________________⑦ThehouseisonYan’anRoad. Maryhasboughtthehouse._______________________________________________________⑧Iusuallytakethebus. Thebuswasverycrowdedyesterday._______________________________________________________that引导的定语从句基本用法1.定语从句一般要放在先行词之后。因此，定语从句在句中的位置随其先行词位置的变化而变化。如：Haveyouseenthephotos名词和动词都换一下尽量不与前面重复，学语法的同时复习单词thatItookonmytrip?52 ThephotothatItookonmytripisonthedesk.2.that引导的定语从句可以修饰无生命的东西，也可以修饰有生命的动物或人。如：What’sthenameoftheanimalthatjumpsabout?Whoisthegirlthattalkedtoyouyesterday?3.that如果在从句中作宾语使用，则可以省略不用。如：Heisthestudent(that)weoftentalkabout.Doyouseethebasketball(that)wearegoingtouseinthematch?4.如果that在从句中作主语使用，那么谓语动词的单复数则由先行词来决定它的单复数。如：Lookatthechildrenthatareplayingsoccerthere.Hehassomebreadthatcostshimabouttwodollars.Jointhesentenceswiththat.1.Uluruisthebigrock.It’salsoknownasAyersRock._______________________________________________________2.SydneyOperaHousewasasymbolofAustralia.Itwasusedasthesymbolofthe2000Olympics._______________________________________________________3.Australiaisthecountry.MostBritishpeoplewouldliketovisitit._______________________________________________________4.Someofthewordsareverydifferent.Australiansusethem._______________________________________________________5.Mr.LihaslivedinAustraliafor50years.Hecametoourparty.52 _______________________________________________________高级用法一、that指代某物时1.先行词为all,few,little,much,theone,something,anything,everything,nothing等时。如：(1)We'lldoallthatwecantoprotecttheendangeredplantsandanimals.我们将尽我们的最大努力来保护那些濒危的动植物。(2)ThereismuchthatIwantotellyou我有很多想要告诉你的话。(3)IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?有什么我可以帮你的吗？2.先行词被all,every,no,some,any,(a)few,(a)little,much等限定词修饰时。如：(4)Youcanborrowanybookthatyouwanttoreadinourschoollibrary.在我们图书馆，你可以借任何你想读的书。3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：（5）ThisisthemostbeautifulcitythatI'veeverseen.这是我见过的最漂亮的城市。4.先行词被theonly,thevery,theright,thelast等修饰时。如：52 （6）Thisistheveryfactorythattheyvisitedlastsummerholiday.这恰好是他们去年参观的那个工厂。（7）Thisistheonlypaintinginthisstylethatwehave.这种风格的画我们仅有一幅。5.先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时。如：（8）Hetalkedhappilyofthewriterandhisbooksthatinterestedhim.6.先行词前有thesame修饰，表示和先行词是同一物时。如：（9）ThisisthesamepursethatIlostyesterday.这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用thesame…as….如：（10）ThisisthesamepurseasIlostyesterday.这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。7.先行词为数词时。（11）Lookatthebooksonthebookshelf.Youcanseethetwothatyouboughtmeformybirthday.瞧书架上那些书。你可以看到我过生日时你买的那两本。快速划出下列定语从句引导词只用that的标志词语。（练就火眼金睛）1）Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.52 2）ThisisthehighestbuildingthatIhaveseen.3）Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintheshop？4）Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.5）ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.6）Damingwasthelastpupilthatgottoschoolyesterday. 7）IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIsawintheroom.8）Whoisthegirlthatiscrying？9）Whichisthebookthatyouwanttoborrow.巩固练习：1.Thisisthesamebook______Ilosttheotherday.There'smynameonit.A.thatB.asC./D.which2.Ihopethatthelittle_______Ihavebeenabletododoesgoodtothemall.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.when3.Thefirstplace______thechildrenweretakentoseewastheirworkshop.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where4.Tellmeeverything_________youknow.A.whichB.aboutthatC.aboutwhichD.that5.Thisisthebiggestlibrary______Ihaveeverseen.52 A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that6.Thisistheveryperson_______Iamlookingfor.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom7.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut___hesaidit.A．thewayB．inthewaythatC．inthewayD．thewaywhich8.Thisisall________Icandoforyou.A.whichB.whatC.itD./9.Thebookdoesn'tsaymuch_______amuseschildren.A.whatB.thatC.whoseD.towhich10.Thereisnothingabouthim________Iknowof.A.thatB.whichC.whomD.who参考答案：1～5ACADD6～10BADBA( )1.Idon’tknowtheteacher_____istalkingwithMissWang.(2009,淄博) A.what B.whom C.who D.which( )2.Allthechildrenliketheteachers_______canunderstandthem.(2009, 浙江) A.who B.which C.what D.whom()3.Thisisthebestway______hasbeenusedagainstpollution.(2009,烟台)A.where B.why C.which D.that()4.Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood，______wehadn'texpected.(2009,济南)A.when B.that C.which D.who52 ()5.Beijingisthe29thcity holdstheOlympicGames.(2009,安徽) A.whereB.that C.which Dwhat()6.Helikemusic____hecoulddanceto.(06福建)A.whoB.thatC.whomD.what()7.Therearelotsofthings____IneedtodobeforeIleavetonight.(06福建)A.thatB.whoC.whyD.what()8.Lucylikesmusic____isquietandgentle.(06北京)A.whyB.thatC.whatD.whowhich引导的定语从句先行词是物ItsuccessfullyshowstherichculturewhichmakesBeijingsofamous.(B5M8UI)引导词在从句中做主语它成功地展示了使北京闻名遐迩的悠久文化。Theoperation,whichlastedforoverfourhours,provedtobeverydifficultbecauseofthehardresinwhichcoveredtheskin.引导词在从句中主语先行词是物由此，我们可以看出：which引导的定语从句修饰的是无生命的东西。which在从句中的成分是可以作主语，也可以作宾语。多数情况下，可与that互换。但是要注意当从句中，介词提前只能用which.Jointhesentenceswithwhich.Ihaveapicture.Thepicturewaspaintedbymyuncle.Ihaveapicturewhichwaspaintedbymyuncle.52 1.Thephotoisoverthere.Youlikethephoto.2.She’sgotabook.Thebookgivesalotofinformationaboutit.3.I’vefoundashop.Theshophaseverythingweneed.4.Thetownisverynearhere.Thetownisdescribedintheguidebook.5.Themountainisverybeautiful.Weclimbedthemountainlastyear.that与which引导定语从句的区别1.只能用that，不能用which作先行词的情况 （1）先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which.例如： ①That’sallthatIknow.我知道的就这些。 ②Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintown？你有什么东西要在城里买吗？ ③Nothingthattheteacherdoesdoesn’tinfluencehisstudents.老师所做的事情没有不影响到学生的。 （2）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、theonly，thevery，thelast等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which.例如： ①ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasCities.我读的第一本英文小说是《城市》。 ②ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhave52 everseen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。 ③Thisistheonlythingthatwecandonow.这是我们现在惟一能做的事情。 （3）先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that，不用which.例如： ①Thescientistandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。 ②TheforeignvisitorsspokehighlyofthepioneersandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren’sPalace.外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。 （4）关系代词在限定性定语从句中作表语并带有类比含义时，通常只用that，不用which.例如： ①Heisnolongerthestarthathewas.他不再是过去的那位明星了。 ②Ourschoolisnolongertheschoolthatitusedtobe.我们的学校不再是以前的那所学校了。 （5）句中其他位置已出现which，为避免重复，不用which而用that引导限定性定语从句。例如：Whichisthecarthathasovertakenus？超过我们的是哪辆车？ 2.只用which，不能用that作先行词的情况52 （1）在介词提前到关系代词之前形成“介词＋关系代词”结构来修饰表事物的先行词时，关系代词必须用which.例如：①Thehouseinwhichweliveisverylarge.我们住的房子非常大。②Thisisthereferencebookofwhichtheteacherisspeaking.这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。 注意：如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首，which就可换为that，例如：Thisisthequestionwhich/thatwe’vehadsomuchdiscussionabout.=Thisisthequestionaboutwhichwe’vehadsomuchdiscussion.这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。 （2）先行词为“those＋表事物的复数名词”时，关系代词通常只用which而不用that.例如： ①Studentsshouldkeepinmindthoseregulationswhichrestricttheirbehavior.学生应牢记那些规范自己的行为准则。 ②Abookshopshoulddealwithavarietyofthosebestsellerswhicharenewlypublished.书店应该经营新出版的各种畅销书。(3)在引导非限定性定语从句时,(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.NewConceptEnglishisintendedforforeignstudents,whichweallknow.52 新概念英语是专为外国学生编写的，这是我们大家都知道的。（非限制性定语从句，不用that,which不可省略）［考题］All____isneededisasupplyofoil. A.thethingB.thatC.whatD.which［答案］B［解析］先行词是不定代词all，其限定性定语从句应由关系代词that引导，在该定语从句中充当主语。as与which在定语从句中的用法As引导的定语从句(1)在由as引导的定语从句中所修饰的词（先行词）前面常有such,so或thesame。例如：Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays.Ihavethesametroubleasyou.(2)As在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。例如：Let’sdiscussonlysuchquestionsasconcerneveryoneofus.（作主语）Ineverheardsuchstoriesashetells.（作宾语）I’veneverseensuchaclevermanasheis.（作表语）(3)As有时引导非限制性定语从句，可在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语，修饰主句，常解释为正如、如同。52 Asisknowntoall,theearthmovesroundthesun.（作主语）Aswasexpected,heperformedthetaskwithsuccess.（作主语）Ashepredicted,thewindchanged.（作宾语）Themeetingisveryimportant,asindeeditis.（作表语）（4）as常用于下列固定的表达：as we all know大家都知道 as I can remember正如我所记得的as often happens这经常发生 as we expect正如我们预料的那样as you see这一点你明白 as has been said before如前所述as is well known众所周知 as can be seen看得出来引导非限制性定语从句时as和which的区别相同点1.as和which都能引导定语从句，并都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。例1Hemarriedher,as/whichwasnatural.他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。例2Heishonest,aswecansee.他很诚实，这一点我们看得出来。52 2.当非限定性定语从句置于句末时，as和which都可用来引导这个定语从句。例3Thenumberofseniorhighschoolstudentsisincreasing,asismentionedabove.（as引导非限定性定语从句，意思是“正如”。此时也可以换用which引导，但意思有别，意思是：“这一点上面提到了”。）不同点（一）语义上的区别as作为关系代词仍多少保留“理由”“比较”“方式”“等同”等意义，而which没有这些意义。因此，由as引导的定语从句通常在意义上不可与主句相悖，而且一般是肯定的，对主句意义起相辅作用，表示“正如”等意义；而which引导从句则不受此限制。Mothertreatsmejustlikeababy，whichIcan’tbear．妈妈对我就像小孩，我真受不了。Shehasmarriedagain，whichwasunexpected．她又结婚了，这是大家没有预料到的。上面两句中的which都不宜用as。（二）用法上的区别(1)as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中；which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。52 Aseverybodyknows,Shakespeareisafamous writer.Shakespeare,aseverybodyknows,isafamous writer.Shakespeareisafamouswriter,aseverybodyknows.众所周知，莎士比亚是一位著名的作家。Theplanworkedoutverywell,whichis morethan we couldexpect.这个计划结果比我们预料得好得多。(2)当从句谓语动词是beannounced/expected/known/imagined/pointedout/said/reported/shown等被动形式，或usuallyhappen,beoftenthecase等表示主句的习惯性或司空见惯之意时，常用as。As isannouncedintoday’spapers,allthe schoolwillreopenonSeptember1.正如今天报纸上所报道的一样，所有的学校将于9月1日开学。(3)在which引导的定语从句中，谓语动词若是am,is,are，则这些系动词不能省略，而as后面若是这种情况，则可以省略。Heisateacher,as(is)clearfromhismanner.(is可以省略)Hesaidhehadneverseenherbefore,whichwasnottrue.（was不可省略）52 (4)当定语从句有“如同……那样”的含义时，用as比用which更常见，而这些从句几乎成为固定说法。Thingswillturnoutcontrarytoone’swishes,asisoftenthecase.事与愿违，这是常有的事。Aswasnatural,thisinordinatehopewasfollowedbyanexcessivedepression.这种过分希望之后，接着是极度的沮丧，是很自然的事。Ashasbeensaidabove/before.正如前文所述。(5)带介词的典型的定语从句，必须用which，不能用as。Thereisagreatdealofoxygenaroundus,withoutwhichwecouldnotlive.我们周围有许多氧气，没有它我们就无法生存。Theshedinourgarden,inwhichweoftenplayed,haslastedforalongtime.我们经常玩耍的花园里的那个棚子，已经有很长时间了。who,whose与whom在定语从句中的用法1.由who,whom,whose引导的定语从句1）关系代词who用作主语，用于指人；whom用作宾语，也用于指人；whose用作定语，既可指人，也可指物。修饰物时,可与ofwhich换用,例如：Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.I,whoamblind,adviseyoutouseyoureyeswell.Thedoctorwhomyouarelookingforisintheroom.DoyouknowthemanwhosenameisWangYu?52 Doyouseethehousewhosewindowsareallbroken?Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackwithdiseases.=Isawsometreestheleavesofwhichwereblackwithdiseases.注意:①在口语中,who可以代替whom作宾语。②关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,一般可省略。2)ofwhom在从句中作主语时，有以下两种结构：Theeightypassengers,tenofwhom(ofwhomten)wereBritish,allescapedwithoutseriousinjury.Jointhesentenceswithwhose.1.That’sthewoman.Herchildrenareverypolite.2.Ishetheman?Hiscarwasstolen.3.Arethosetheboys?Theirparentsaresendingthemtoa“fatcamp”?4.ThetrainerisMrJones.Hisfitnessclassesarethebest.5.Themanisoverthere.Ican’tremembertheman’sname.Jointhesentenceswithwhoorwhich.1thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbythelake.Thebuilding___________________________isourschool.2Hereisthegirl.Thegirlwantstoseeyou.Hereisthegirl___________________.52 3Iamtheonlystudent.IcanrunfasterthanPeter.Iamtheonlystudent____________________________________________________.4Yesterdayweboughtabook.Thebookisreallyhardtounderstand.Yesterdayweboughtabook_______________________________________________________.5Isthistheplay?Wewillseetheplaynextmonth.Isthistheplay____________________________________________________?Completethesentenceswiththewords.Whichwhowhose1.Englishisalanguage_______ischangingallthetime.2.Francewasthelanguage_______wasspokenbyeducatedpeople.3.Chineseisthelanguage_______importanceisgrowing.4.Allthepeople_______speakEnglishareownersofthelanguage.5.Students______wanttopracticetheirEnglishgotoEnglishclubs.Completethesentenceswiththewords.Whichwhothat1.Theman_______wemetwascartoonist.2.Hedrewadog______hadsixlegs52 1.Thecartoonandthecartoonist_____you’retalkingaboutisfamous.2.Iknowateacher_____isalsoacartoonist.3.Thepicture_____Ilikebestisthefirstone.4.Didthechildrenwatchacartoon_____wasdrawnbyAlicelastFriday?Jointhesentenceswithwhose.1．Lindagoestoatabletennisclubwiththegirl.Hermotheristheteacher.__________________________________________________2TheyWentbacktohelptheman.Theman’scarbrokedown.____________________________________________________3.Susanwastheteacher.Herworkhadamazingresults.___________________________________________________4.Daming’sfathertrainswithaman.Theman’ssonisinDaming’sclass.______________________________________________________5.Darningknowsaboy.Theboy’sbrotheristrainingforthebasketballteam._______________________________________________________52 1.Mr.Green,thereissomeoneatthefrontdesk_____wouldliketospeakwithyou.(05广州)A.heB.whoC.whichD.whom2.YaoMingisafamousbasketballstar___isplayingintheNBA.(06吉林)A.whoseB.whoC.whatD.which3.LianZhanwithhisvisitors___fromTaiwan_____payinghisfirstvisittothemainlandofChina.(06兰州)A.whocome;isB.whois;isC.whichcome;isD.thatare;are4.Helikesmusic___hecoulddanceto.(06福建)A.whoB.thatC.whomD.what5.--Isthegirl___isinterviewingthemanagerofthatcompanyyourfriend?--Yes,sheisajournalistfromCCTV.(06天津)A.whoB.thatC.whomD.what6. --Does the teacher know everybody ___ planted the trees? --Yes, he does. (04年哈尔滨)A. which B. whose C. where D. who 7.The letter ______ I received from him yesterday is very important.(04年常州) A. who B. where C. what D. that 8. --Where is the scientist _______ gave us the talk yesterday? --He has gone back to Qinghua University.(04年扬州) A. whom B. who C. whose D. which 9..I hate people _______ talk much but do little. (04年益阳) A. whose B. whom C. which D. who KEY:BBABCDDBDwhere,when,why在定语从句中的用法52 when，where，why属于关系副词，都在其引导的定语从句中充当状语，其具体用法如下： 1.关系副词when引导定语从句（包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句）修饰表示时间的先行词，在定语从句中充当时间状语。例如：IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstmetJennifer.我仍然记得第一次见到詹妮弗的那一天。Nextmonth,whenyou’llspendyoursummerholidaysinyourhometown,isapproaching.下个月即将来临，届时你们将在家乡度暑假。 2.关系副词where引导定语从句（包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句）修饰表示地点的先行词，在定语从句中充当地点状语。例如：Thisistheofficewhereheworked.这就是他工作过的办公室。SheisgoingtoliveinMacao,whereshehassomeclosefriends.她要到澳门去定居，在那里她有几个密友。 3.关系副词why引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason，在定语从句中充当原因状语。例如：Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhecamesolate.我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。ThatisthereasonwhyIdon’twanttogo.那就是我不想去的理由。Hedidn’ttellmethereasonwhyhewassoupset.52 他没有告诉我他为什么那样心烦意乱。 注意：关系代词与关系副词之间并非毫无关联，两者之间存在密切的联系。在备考中尤其要注意以下几点： 1.很多情况下关系副词用“介词＋which/whom”来代替，其中的介词由先行词或定语从句中谓语动词的形式来决定，例如： ThedaywhenImetthefamouspopstarwasthegreatestdayofmylife. =ThedayonwhichImetthefamouspopstarwasthegreatestdayofmylife.见到这位著名歌星的那天是我一生中最重要的日子。 IshallneverforgetthoseyearswhenIlivedwithher. =IshallneverforgetthoseyearsduringwhichIlivedwithher. 我将永远不会忘记我跟她生活的那些岁月。 Thisisahallwherethemedicalconferencewillbeheld. =Thisisahallinwhichthemedicalconferencewillbeheld. 这是礼堂，医学会议将在此召开。 2.并非先行词表示时间或地点时都分别用when或where来引导相应的定语从句，若关系词在修饰表示时间或地点的先行词的定语从句中充当主语、宾语等而不是状语时，需用which或that引导相应的定语从句。例如：Doyoustillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinschool?你还记得我们一起在学校度过的那些日子吗？52 先行词thedays表时间，但是其定语从句的引导词在定语从句中作宾语而不是状语，因此不能用when而应该用which或that。 3.that有时可以代替定语从句中的关系副词when，where，why，且that常可以省略，例如：Thisisthetime(when/that)hearrived.这是他到达的时间。 ［考题1］Wearelivinginanage____manythingsaredoneoncomputer.（2003北京春） A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when ［答案］D ［解析］本题中下划线处所引导的限定性定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词age，其引导词在该定语从句中充当时间状语，因此只能填入关系副词when。 ［考题2］Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesefootballfansthisyear,____forthefirsttimeinyearstheirteamwontheWorldCup.（2000北京、安徽春） A.thatB.while C.which D.when ［答案］D ［解析］本题中下划线处所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词moment，其引导词在该定语从句中充当时间状语，因此只能填入关系副词when。 ［考题3］AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown____hegrewupasachild.（1996）52 A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when ［答案］B ［解析］本题中下划线处所引导的限定性定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词town，其引导词在该定语从句中充当地点状语，因此只能填入关系副词where。 ［考题4］Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museums,andsomeotherplaces,____othervisitorsseldomgo.（2002北京） A.whatB.whichC.whereD.when ［答案］C ［解析］本题中下划线处所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词someotherplaces，其引导词在该定语从句中充当地点状语，因此只能填入关系副词where。 ［考题5］Iwalkedinourgarden,____TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofthetrees.（2005辽宁） A.whichB.whenC.whereD.that ［答案］C ［解析］本题中下划线处所引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词garden并在该定语从句中充当地点状语，因此只能填入关系副词where。 强化训练题52 1.Englandhasmanyrivers,____areverylongandwide. A.noneofwhichB.allofthem C.nooneofthemD.neitherofwhich 2.Hismothertoldhimnotto____,____wouldbebadforhishealth. A.stayup;whichB.stayup;what C.keepup;whatD.keepup;which 3.Isawsometrees____theleaveswereblackwithdisease. A.whereB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.whose 4.Heisthestudent____youthinktobeworthyofourpraise. A.whatB.whomC.heD.him 5.Inwesternsociety,thepart____churchplaysinpeople’slifeisveryimportant. A.whereB.thatC.whenD.how 6.Itwastheveryplace____thesoldiersfoughtoversixtyyearsago. A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there 7.Thetypewriter____onthetable____allweek. A.waslaying;whereithadlaidB.waslying;whereithadlaid C.waslaying;whereithadbeenlaidD.waslying;whereithadbeenlaid52 8.IwenttoMary’sgraduationparty____Iknewalotofpeople. A.whereB.whenC.becauseD.since 9.Heregrettedthedays____hewastedinthewoodsand____heshouldhavestudied. A.when;whenB.that;whenC.when;thatD.that;that 10.____isknowntoall,TaiwanisapartofChina. A.AsB.WhichC.ThatD.What 11.Don’tread____books____youcannotunderstand. A.same;asB.thesame;likeC.such;asD.such;like 12.—HaveyoueverbeentoRome? —No,butthat’sthecity____. A.whereImostliketovisitB.I’dmostliketovisit C.whichIliketovisitmostD.whereI’dlikemosttovisit 13.Mrs.Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehad____wentwrongagain. A.itrepairedB.toberepairedC.torepairD.repaired 参考答案1.A2.A3.B4.B5.B6.C7.D8.A9.B10.A11.C12.B13.Dwhere在定语从句中的特殊用法52 一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词pointYoureachapointwheremedicinecan’thelp.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。Wehavereachedapointwhereachangeisneeded.我们到了必须改一改的地步。注：有时point也可以是具体的地点：TheaccidenthappenedatthepointwheretheA15joinstheM1.事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词caseTherearecaseswheretheword“mighty”isusedasanadverb.在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activityThosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivitywheresightmattersmorethanhearing.那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situationHegotintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.52 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词positionIt’sputmeinapositionwhereIcan’taffordtotakethejob.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词jobShewantsajobwherehermanagementskillscanbeputtogooduse.她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。Idon’twantajobwhereI’mchainedtoadeskallday.我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。【跟踪训练】1.We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint_______bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.A.where B.that C.when D.which2.Shehadgottothepoint______shefeltthatshecouldnottakeanymore.A.what B.when C.where D.which3.Thetreatmentwillcontinueuntilthepatientreachesthepoint______hecanwalkcorrectlyandsafely.A.when B.where C.which D.that4.Itwassoconfusingthateventuallyitgottothepoint______noone52 knewwhatwasgoingon.A.when B.that C.which 定语从句中引导词的省略什么情况下引导词作宾语可以省略呢？在日常口语中，在定语从句中作宾语的引导词往往被省略，但在较正式的文字中则较少省略。为什么引导词作宾语可以省略呢？因为省略后的从句仍然是完整的，有主语、谓语，我们仍然可以分辨出哪部分是定语从句。但是，如果引导词在从句中作主语就不能省略。Jointhesentenceswithwhich,thatorwho,ifnecessary.1Tintinisaboyreporter.Hehaslotsofadventuresallaroundtheworld.Tintinisaboyreporter_____________________________________.2ThewriterisDavid.Hehaswrittenmanywonderfulcharacters.Thewriter_____________________________________isDavid.3ThecartooniscalledHavocinHeaven.Ittellsthestoryofamonkey.TheCartoon_______________________iscalledHavocinHeaven.52 4MrBlackdidalotofstudy.Thestudycanbefoundinhisdrawings.Thestudy_______________________canbefoundinhisdrawings.Readandinsertthat/whichorwhowhereit’spossible.1.Excuseme.AreyouthepersonIaskforinformation?2.I’mlookingforabookI’veheardalotabout.3.Ican’tremember.It’sabooknoonereallylikes.It’sabookeveryonesaysistoolong,seriousandboring.4.BecauseIknowitisn’tveryexpensive.Wait!That’sthebookI’mlookingfor!Oh…Wouldyouliketomeetthepersonthebookiswrittenby?定语从句中特别值得注意的几个问题：1．定语从句中的主谓一致问题；2．重复使用关系代词或关系副词所替代的部分；3． 省略定语从句中的不能省略的引导词；4． 定语从句中多了或少了介词；5． 当先行词是way时，引导词则用that或inwhich。6．☆关系词由先行词和残缺的从句中所缺的成分决定。7． ☆所有的关系副词都可以换成“介词+关系代词which”的形式：when=on/at/in+which;where=at/in+which;52 why=for+which;whose=of+whichPractice(Correct):① I,whoisaChinese,willdomybestforourcountry.② ThisisthemostbeautifulplacethatIhavevisitedit.③ Thetomatoeswereonthetableweregiventoyou.④ Thegunswhichwaslosthasbeenfound.⑤ Thisisthewayhowhedeceivedher.⑥ Theroomwherehelivesinisbiggerthanmine.⑦ Heistheonlyoneofthepersonswhohavebeeninvitedtotheparty.限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句：1．完整性：限定性定语从句相对于主句更加不可或缺，联系更加紧密；2．逗号：非限定性定语从句中有逗号可以将先行词和从句隔开；3．汉译：限定性定语从句通常被译成前置定语，而非限定性定语从句常被译成两个简单句。非限定性定语从句的引导词which的特点:which可以指物，也可以指一整件事（即一整个句子）52 Practice:1.Hesaidhehadneverseenherbefore,____wasnottrue.2.WevisitedthehistoricalmuseumlastSunday,____everyonewasdeeplymoved.3.Shetookcareofthelittleboy,____parentshadgoneabroad.4.Heisaclassmateofmine,____Ihaven’tseenforages.5.Hewasbornin1983,____hisfamilywaspoor.6.Iboughtabook,thenameof____isTheAdventureofTomSawyer.7.Iboughtabook,____nameisTheAdventureofTomSawyer.8.HewasborninChangchun,____hewenttoprimaryschool.定语从句综合练习(一) 1.Thisistheonlyoneofthestudents_____thetruth. A.thatknowsB.thatknowC.whoknow D.whichknows2.Doyouknowthegirl_____? A.whomheoftentalkto B.towhoheoftentalks C.tothatheoftentalks D.heoftentalksto3.Theworld_____weliveismadeupofmatter.52 A.onwhich B.ofwhich C.atwhich D.inwhich 4.Therearenochildren_____lovetheirparents. A.thatdonot B.whodoesnot C.that D.who 5.I’moneoftheboys_____neverlateforschool. A.thatis B.whoare C.whoam D.whois 6.AbrahamLincoln,_____ledtheUnitedStates_____theseyears,was_____ofthegreatestpresidents. A.he；for；a B.whom；in；one C.who；at；one D.who；through；one 7.Whoisthegirl_____wearingareddress? A.whose B.that C.whom D.that’s 8.Theoldman_____yesterdayisascientist. A.Ispoke B.Ispoketo C.whomIspoke D.thatIspoketohim 9.Theyoungman_____isanengineerofourfactory. A.thatyoujusttalked B.whomyoujusttalkedto C.whichyoujusttalkedto D.whoyoujusttalked 10.Thedictionary_____issoldoutinthebookshop. A.youneed B.whatyouneed C.whichyouneedit D.thatyouneedit 11.Isthistheshop_____sellschildren’sclothing? A.which B.where C.inwhich D.what52 12.Qingdaoisthemostsatisfactoryplace____we’regoingtovisit. A.which B.where C.that D.inwhich13.Themagazine_____Bettypaidonedollarwasverygood. A.that B.which C.forwhich D.towhich14.Thetwothings_____theyfeltveryproudwereJim’sgoldwatchandDella’shair. A.aboutwhich B.ofwhich C.inwhich D.forwhich 15.Hewastheman_____MasterofGamewastranslated. A.bywhom B.bywho C.bywhose D.byhim 16.Thisisthefactory_____wevisitedlastweek. A.which B.where C.who D.inwhich 17.Isthisschool_____wearegoingtovisittomorrow? A.which B.that C.where D.theone 18.AheadofmeIsawawoman_____Ithoughtwasmyaunt. A.who B.whom C.ofwhom D.whose 19.Thisisthekey_____. A.whichyouarelookingfor B.forwhichyouarelooking C.forthatyouarelooking D.youarelookingforwhich 20.Thewoman_____ishismother. A.ofwhomhetakescare B.ofthathetakescare C.hetakescareof D.whomhetakescare 21.HereachedLondonin1994,_____,sometimelater,hebecame52 afamousactor. A.when B.where C.which D.who 22.Suchthings_____youdescribedarerarenow. A.as B.who C.which D.that 23.Inthosedays,hewouldgotoMr.Blackandhisfamily,_____. A.wherehewastreatedaspartofthem B.forwhomitwaskind C.withwhomhehadawonderfultime D.thatwasthemostpleasantpartofhislife 24.Whichsentenceiswrong? A.ThefingerIdippedintothecupwasnottheoneIputitintomymouth. B.Doyouknowtheboywhojumpedontotheplatform? C.Scienceandnewtechnologyhavemadeitpossibleforfarmerstoproducemorefoodonthesameamountofland. D.Peopleinancienttimestookitforgrantedthatthesunmovedroundtheearth. 25.TheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945. A.when B.duringthat C.inwhich D.which 26.Hewasbornintheyear___theAnti-JapaneseWarbrokeout.52 A.which B.when C.onwhich D.duringwhich 27.WearegoingtospendtheSpringfestivalinGuangzhou,_____livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives. A.which B.that C.who D.where 28.Isthatthereason_____youareinfavoroftheproposal? A.which B.what C.why D.forthat 29.Someoftheroadswereflooded,_____madeourjourneymoredifficult. A.which B.it C.what D.that 30.HemustbefromAfrica,_____canbeseenfromhisskin. A.that B.as C.who D.what 31.Mr.Wu,_____everybodylikes,isgoingtogiveusatalkonchemistry. A.whom B.that C.which D./ 32.Thegeneralatlastgotachancetovisitthevillage_____heusedtofight,_____hehadbeendreamingofforyears. A.that；which B.where；that C.inwhich；what D.where；which 33.HehastoworkonSundays,_____hedoesnotlike. A.andwhich B.which C.andwhen D.when 34.Istherearestaurantaround_____Icanhavesomethingtoeat?52 A.when B.that C.where D.which 35.Asmanymembers_____werepresentagreedtotheplan. A.who B.that C.which D.as 答案及解析：1.选A。theonlyoneofthestudents是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。2.选D。关系代词为whom或者that,在从句中作介词宾语，可以省略。3.选D。介词in与live搭配，提到关系代词之前。4.选A。children是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数。5.选B。boys是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数。6.选D。who引导非限制性定语从句；through表示“经过”。7.选D。that’s是定语从句的主语和谓语动词。8.选B。关系代词为whom或者that,在从句中作介词to的宾语，可以省略。9.选B。关系代词作介词宾语，介词不可省略。10.选A。关系代词为that或者which,在从句中作宾语，可以省略。11.选A。先行词是shop,关系代词在从句中作主语。12.选C。当先行词被形容词最高级修饰的时候，定语从句用that引导。52 13.选C。介词for与paid搭配，提到关系代词之前。14.选B。介词of与feltproud搭配，提到关系代词之前。15.选A。介词by与translated搭配，提到关系代词whom之前，不能提到who之前。16.选A。先行词是factory,关系代词在从句中作宾语。17.选D。把主句变成陈述句后可以看出主句中并没有先行词；加上一个theone作为先行词；关系代词在从句中作宾语，可以省略。18.选A。Ithought是插入语，who在从句中作主语。19.选A。lookfor是动词短语，因此介词不能提前。20.选C。takecareof是动词短语，因此介词不能提前，可以省略关系代词。21.选B。先行词是London,并不是时间，因此用where引导定语从句。22.选A。当先行词被such修饰的时候，要用as引导定语从句。23.选C。Mr.Blackandhisfamily看作是人，应该用whom引导定语从句。24.选A。it多余，省略掉的关系代词which在从句中作put的宾语。25.选C。theSecondWar应该看作事件而不是时间，因此要用which引导定语从句。26.选B。year作先行词，从句用when引导。27.选D。先行词是地点，where在从句中作状语，为倒装语序。28.选C。reason作先行词，从句用why引导。52 29.选A。非限制性定语从句用which引导。30.选B。as引导的非限制性定语从句表示“正如……”。31.选A。whom引导的非限制性定语从句，whom在句中作宾语。32.选D。第一个定语从句中where作状语；第二个非限制性定语从句中which作dreamof的宾语。33.选B。先行词是前面整个一句话。34.选C。around是副词，并不是介词提前；先行词是地点，用where引导从句。35.选D。当先行词被as修饰的时候，要用as引导定语从句。定语从句综合练习(二)1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_______?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?52 A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich5.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when6.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherday?A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that12.Theengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom13.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?A.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose52 14.I'minterestedin______youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as16.Heisn'tsuchaman______heusedtobe.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as17.HeisgoodatEnglish,______weallknow.A.thatB.asC.whomD.what18.LiMing,______totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim19.Idon'tlike______asyouread.A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what21.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____arewomen.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who23.You'retheonlyperson______I'veevermet______coulddoit.52 A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who24.Ilostabook,______Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat25.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,______Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what26.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_______wasadvertisedonTV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it27.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when28.Theway______helooksatproblemsiswrong.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./29.Thisisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich30.Thismachine,______formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafterC.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafter31.Thereason______hedidn'tcomewas______hewasill.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what32.Heisworkinghard,______willmakehimpassthefinalexam.A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who52 33.Thatisnottheway______Idoit.A./B.whichC.forwhichD.withwhich34.Ihavetwogrammars,______areofgreatuse.A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhichC.bothofthatD.bothofwhich35.Iwanttousethesametools_______usedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which36.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,_______wasverykindofthem.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it37.Thisisthemagazine_______Icopiedtheparagraph.A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich38.Heisnotsuchaman_______wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as39.Youcandependonwhateverpromise_______hemakes.A./B.whyC.whenD.whose40.Smoking,_______isabadhabit,is,however,popular.A.thatB.whichC.itD.though41.---Didyouasktheguard_______happened?---Yes,hetoldmeall_______heknew.A.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;that42.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedonthefarmwith52 thefarmers,_______hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which43.Thenumberofthepeoplewho_______cars_______increasing.A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are44.Duringthedays________,heworkedasaservantattheBrowns.A.followedB.followingC.tofollowD.thatfollowed45.Isoxygentheonlygas_______helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it46.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,_______hecouldsee_____wasgoingoninsidehouse.A.which;whatB.throughwhich;whatC.throughthat;whatD.what;that47.Is_______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek?A.thisschoolB.thistheschoolC.thisschooloneD.thisschoolwhere48.Johngotbeateninthegame,_______hadbeenexpected.A.asB.thatC.whatD.who49.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_______writeswell.A.noneofthemB.neitherofthemC.neitherofwhichD.noneofwhich50.Allthatcanbeeaten_______eatenup.A.arebeingB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.havebeen52 答案详解1.A.which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。2．C."和谁讲话”要说speaktosb.本题全句应为DoyouknowthemanwhomIspoketo.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。3.D.where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。4.C.when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。5．A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。6．C.解析同第5题。7.A.解析见第3题。8.A.本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态havebeenshown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则theone应该视为先行词。9.A.“谈到某事物”应说talkaboutsth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。10.A.withwhich是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that.withwhich在定语从句中作状语,即heiswritingwithapen.11.C.infrontofwhich即infrontofafarmhouse.Infrontofwhich在从句中作状语.52 12.D.withwhom引导定语从句.withwhom放在从句中即为:myfatherworkswiththeengineer.13.D.whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.14.A.that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.15.D.thesame……..as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语.16.D.such………as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语.17.B.as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语.18.B.LiMingenjoyeditverymuch是主句,withwhomIwenttotheconcert是定语从句.withwhom放在从句中为:IwenttotheconcertwithLiMing.19.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用sucha……..,本题中suchbooks,such直接修饰复数名词.20.B.things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.52 21.D.who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.22.C.twothirdsofwhom即:twothirdsofthe2,000workers.23.D.先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为,whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句whocoulddoit.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.24.A.whosetitle引导非限制性定语从句,whosetitle也可以说成thetitleofwhich25.A.forwhich引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语befamousfor"以……..而闻名".26.C.当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as.As在本从句中作主语.27.A.两个先行词theday都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in(或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。29.D.forwhich在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why来替代.30.B.whichIhavelookedafter构成一个非限制性定语从句.31.A.Thereasonwhy…wasthat….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有“因为”的含义。52 32.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.33.A.解释见28题.34.D.主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B.bothofwhich用来引导非限制性定语从句.35.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语.36.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.37.D.38.D.解析见35题.39.A.hemakes是定语从句,从句前省略了关系代词that.40.B.whichisabadhabit非限制性定语从句.41.A.whathappened是宾语从句.all之后thatheknew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.42.D.years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句.43.C.本句话的定语从句是whoowncars.其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The52 numberof指“…..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。44.D.thatfollowed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。45.A.先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。46.B.throughwhich引导定语从句，throughwhich即throughthehole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。47.B.为便于理解，改写本句话：ThisistheschoolthatsomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek.不难看出，作表语的theschool是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。48.A.解释见35题。49.C.因为是twoballpens,并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。50.B.本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的hasbeen。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。Suggestions:总体做的很好，很漂亮。但还有些需要改进的地方，提出以下校对建议供你参考。1.先看大方面，然后在看小的方面1）看看共有几部分组成，整篇标号要一致，语言要统一，字号字体要统一。2）版式：字要对齐；空格线要一样长，最好8个空格并且空格前后要空一格，要么不空标点符号要严谨2.编写中52 的例句要注意对初中词汇的复习，尽量不要重复同一词汇和句型；一些高一词汇是初中词汇的拓展词，可以用在例句中。52
