农村留守儿童心理健康状况及人格发展特征

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1、维普资讯http://www.cqvip.com中国公共卫生2008年8月第24卷第8期ChinJPublicHealthAug2008Vo1．24No．8917文章编号：1001．0580(2008)08．091703中图分类号：R395．1文献标志码：A【专题报道之二】农村留守儿童心理健康状况及人格发展特征高亚兵摘要：目的调查农村留守儿童心理健康状况及人格发展特征。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL一90)和儿童14种人格因素问卷(CPQ)，随机抽取农村670名留守儿童和708名非留守儿童进行心理健康、人格特征调查。结果在症状自评量表

2、得分中，小学留守儿童焦虑得分显著高于非留守儿童，而初中留守儿童有10个因子得分显著高于非留守儿童；在儿童14种人格因素问卷得分中，小学留守儿童兴奋性得分显著高于非留守儿童，初中留守儿童乐群性、聪慧性、稳定性得分均显著低于非留守儿童，而忧虑性、次级因素I(焦虑性)、次级因素Ⅲ(神经过敏性)得分均显著高于非留守儿童。结论留守现象对儿童心理健康和人格发展有消极影响，初中留守儿童心理问题更为严重。关键词：农村留守儿童；心理健康；人格发展特征；小学生；初中生Researchonmentalhealthandpersonalitytraitso

3、fruralchildrenwithoutparentalcareGAOYa—bing．ZhejiangEduca—tionInstitute(Hangzhou310012，China)Abstract：0bjectiveToinvestigatementalhealthandpersonalitytraitsofruralchildrenwithoutparentalcarebecauseofparentsworkingoutsidethehometown．MethodsWithSCL一90andCPQscale，werandom

4、sampled670childrenwith—outpareatalcareand708commonchildrenintheruralandmadetheinvestigation．ResultsThescoreofanxietyofelemen—taryschoolchildrenwithoutparentalcarewassignificantlyhigherthanthatofcommonchildren．Tenfactorscoresofjuniorhighscholchildrenwithoutparentalcarew

5、eresignificantlyhigherthanthoseofcommonchildren．Thescoreofexcitabilityofelementaryscholchildrenwithoutparentalcarewassignificantlyhigherthanthatofcommonchildren。andthescoresofac—commodation，inteHigenceandstabilityofjuniorhighscholchildrenweresignificantlylowerthanthose

6、ofcommonchildren．Thescoresofmelancholy，sub—factorI(anxiety)andsub—factorIll(nervosity)ofjuniorhighschoolchildrenwithoutparentalcaneweresignificantlyhigherthanthoseofcommonchildren．ConclusionLivingaloneinhometownputsnegativeinfluencesonchildren’Smentalhealthandjuniorhig

7、hscholchildrenwithoutparentalcarehavemorementalproblems．Keywords：ruralchildrenwithoutparentalcare；mentalhealth；personalitytraits；cross—sectionalstudy；elementaryscholstudents；juniorhighscholstudents留守儿童是指父母双方或一方外出打工或者工作半年以个项目得分之和；症状指数为总分除以90；阳性因子即阳性上，由父或母一方、祖辈、亲戚朋友、同辈监护

8、的未成年人。留项目数(是指评为1～4分的项目数)；痛苦水平指总分除以阳守儿童家庭教育存在着内容狭窄、监护人与儿童沟通交流不性项目数量表。上述各项得分越高表示该项症状越严重。足、教养方式不当等问题[“。为探讨留守家庭对留守儿童心1．2．