定语从句专项讲解

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1、定语从句一.定语从句的功用和结构　　在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。例如：　　Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.　　Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?　　IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage?ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.二.关系代词和关系副词的功用　　关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于

2、从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。　　1.作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如：　　Idon’tlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.　　ThecarswhichareproducedinHubeiProvincesellverywell.　　2.作宾语　　SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.　　Thebookthatmygrandmothergave

3、meiscalled“TheGreatEscape”.　　3.作定语　　关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如：　　What’sthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?　　Thegirlwhosefatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.　　4.作状语　　I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.三.各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法　　1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：　　Thepersonwhobrokethew

4、indowmustpayforit.　　Theboywhoiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.　　2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如：　　Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate?　　Mr.Lee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.　　3.whose指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。例如：　　Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.Thehousewhosewindowisbro

5、kenismine。（考点）　　4.which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：　　Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.　　Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedyesterday.　　5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：I’vereadthenewspaperthatcarriestheimportantnews.Idon’tbelievethenews(that)Tomgaveme.Whoisthepersonthatisreadingthenewspaperove

6、rthere?Theboy(that)youlikeismybrother.(注意:that在从句中作宾语可省略,作主语则不可)　　6.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：　　I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.　　HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.　　7.where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：　　Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.8.Why指原因,在定语从句

7、中作状语。例如：Hetoldmethereasonwhyhewaslateforschool.关系代词和关系副词易混的情况1.Iwillneverforgetthedaysweworkedtogether。2.Iwillneverforgetthedayswespenttogether3.IwenttotheplaceIworkedtenyearsago。4.IwenttotheplaceIvis