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1、AminoAcidBasicsProteinalwaysseemstoreceiveitsfairshareofattentionfromthemediaandpopculture.Aminoacidbuzzwordsoftenmakethenews,buttakenoutofcontext,thisinformationoftenismisleading.Thisarticleprovidesaframeofreferenceastowhatthenewsisactuallysayingabo
2、utaminoacidsandprotein.RoleofproteinCarbohydrate,fat,alcohol,andproteinareallcomposedofthreeelements—carbon,hydrogen,andoxygen.However,proteinalsohasanadditionalelementofnitrogen,andthatiswhatmakesitsounique.Thenitrogenisresponsiblefortheroleofprotei
3、n—tobuildandrepairbodytissues,producehormonesanddigestiveenzymes,andprovideimmunefunctioning.Proteinisnotefficientlyusedforenergyproduction,butincertaincircumstances,nitrogenisremovedfromproteinmoleculesandusedforenergy.Proteinismadeupofaminoacids.Tw
4、enty-twoaminoacidsareknowntohavearoleinbuildingandrepairingbodytissuesandformingenzymes.Aminoacidsarefoundinfoodsindifferentconcentrationsandcombinations.Itispossibleforthehumanbodytosynthesize(breakdownandreconfigure)mostaminoacids;thesearecallednon
5、essentialaminoacids.Itisnotpossibletosynthesizesomeaminoacids;theseareobtainedfromfoods.Aminoacidsoftenarereferredtoas“buildingblocks,”becausetheybuildtissue.EssentialaminoacidsThefollowingareessentialaminoacids:·Histidine·Isoleucine·Leucine·Lysine·M
6、ethionine·Phenylalanine·Threonine·Tryptophan·ValineNonessentialaminoacids·Alanine·Arginine·Asparagine·Asparticacid·Cysteine·Cystine·Glutamicacid·Glutamine·Glycine·Hydroxyproline·Proline·Serine·TyrosineNotenoughproteinIntheaverageAmericandiet,itisextr
7、emelyraretohaveaproteindeficiency.Vegetarianandvegandietsrequiresomeextraattentiontoprotein,butnuts,beans,manystarches,soy,dairy,andeggscanmorethanadequatelyprovideforproteinneeds.Kwashiorkorreferstoaconditionresultingfromnotenoughprotein,butinthepre
8、senceofadequatecaloricintake.Ifthedietdoesnothaveenoughproteinandcalories,theconditionistermedmarasmusorprotein-energymalnutrition.Thisconditioniscommoninthird-worldcountries,hospitalsettings,andwithconditionsofextremephysiologicalstress.Toomuchprote
