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1、第七章.氨基酸代谢（Theseventhchapter.Aminoacidmetabolism）TheseventhchapterisaminoacidmetabolismMainpointsofthischapterFirst,thenutritionalroleofprotein1.nitrogenbalanceThetotalnitrogenbalanceThepositivebalanceofnitrogenThenegativenitrogenbalance2.essentialaminoacids
2、andnonessentialaminoacids3.nutritionalvalueandcomplementationofproteinsTwo.Digestion,absorptionanddecayofproteinsThree.DeaminationofaminoacidsAminoacidsaremainlyremovedinthreeways,namelyoxidativedeamination,deamination,andcombineddeamination.Metabolismoffou
3、r-ketoacids1.aminoacidintoaminoacid2.changetosugarorfat3.oxidationenergysupplyFive.Metabolismofammonia1.sourcesandroutesofbloodammonia:Thesourceofbloodammonia:byintestinalabsorption;theaminoaciddeaminationoftheaminoacidamide;hydrolysis;decompositionoftheoth
4、ernitrogencompounds.Thebloodammoniaway:intheliverintothesynthesisofurea;aminoacids;thesynthesisofothernitrogenouscompounds;thesynthesisofasparagineandglutamine;thedirectdischarge.2.ammoniatransportinthebloodThealanineglucosecycleTheroleofglutaminetransporto
5、fammonia3.ornithinecycleandureasynthesisThecharacteristicsofureasynthesis:synthesismainlyinmitochondriaandcytosoloftheliverinthesynthesisofureamolecules;consumefourATPmolecules;theargininosuccinatesynthaseisakeyenzymeinthesynthesisofurea;thetwonitrogenatoms
6、oftheureamolecule,onefromtheNH3,asourceinASPaminoacid.Six,thedecarboxylationofaminoacidsCatalyzedbyaminoaciddecarboxylase,coenzymepyridoxalphosphate,theproductwasCO2andamine.Understandingthephysiologicalrolesofseveralimportantamines.Seven,theconcept,sourcea
7、ndphysiologicalfunctionofonecarbonunitEight,S-methioninecycleNine.MetabolismofaromaticaminoacidsThemajormetabolicprocessesinnervetissuecellsarephenylalanine,tyrosine,DOPA,dopamine,norepinephrine,norepinephrine,andepinephrine.Dopamine,norepinephrine,andepine
8、phrinearecollectivelycalledcatecholamines.Inmelanomacells,Duobakeintomelanoma.Ageneticdefectinphenylalaninehydroxylasecausesphenylketonuria,ageneticdefectintyrosinasethatcausesalbinism.ExercisesFirst,t
