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1、2007年11月二级笔译实务考试真题【英译汉必译题】MiltonFriedman,FreeMarketsTheorist,Diesat94.MiltonFriedman,thegrandmasteroffree-marketeconomictheoryinthepostwareraandaprimeforceinthemovementofnationstowardlessgovernmentandgreaterrelianceonindividualresponsibility,diedtodayinSanFrancisco,wherehe
2、lived.Hewas94.ConservativeandliberalcolleaguesalikeviewedMr.Friedman,aNobelprizelaureate,asoneofthe20thcentury'sleadingeconomicscholars,onaparwithgiantslikeJohnMaynardKeynesandPaulSamuelson.Flyingtheflagofeconomicconservatism,Mr.Friedmanledthepostwarchallengetothehallowedt
3、heoriesofLordKeynes,theBritisheconomistwhomaintainedthatgovernmentshadadutytohelpcapitalisticeconomiesthroughperiodsofrecessionandtopreventboomtimesfromexplodingintohighinflation.InProfessorFriedman'sview,governmenthadtheoppositeobligation:tokeepitshandsofftheeconomy,tolet
4、thefreemarketdoitswork.TheonlyeconomicleverthatMr.Friedmanwouldallowgovernmenttousewastheonethatcontrolledthesupplyofmoney—amonetaristviewthathadgoneoutoffavorwhenheembraceditinthe1950s.Hewentontorecordasignalachievement,predictingtheunprecedentedcombinationofrisingunemplo
5、ymentandrisinginflationthatcametobecalledstagflation.HisworkearnedhimtheNobelMemorialPrizeinEconomicSciencein1976.Rarely,hiscolleaguessaid,didanyonehavesuchimpactonbothhisownprofessionandongovernment.Thoughheneverservedofficiallyinthehallsofpower,hewasalwaysaroundthem,asan
6、adviserandtheorist.“Amongeconomicscholars,MiltonFriedmanhadnopeer,”BenS・Bernanke,theFederalReservechairman,saidtoday•“Thedirectandindirectinfluencesofhisthinkingoncontemporarymonetaryeconomicswouldbedifficulttooverstate."AlanGreenspan,theformerFederalReservechairman,saidof
7、Mr.FriedmaninaninterviewonTuesday.“Fromalonger-termpointofview,ifshisacademicachievementswhichwillhavelastingimport.ButIwouldnotdismisstheprofoundimpacthehasalreadyhadontheAmericanpublic'sview."Mr.Friedmanhadagiftforcommunicatingcomplicatedideasinsimpleandlucidways,anditse
8、rvedhimwellastheauthororco-authorofmorethanadozenbooks,asacolumnistforNewsweekfrom1966to1
