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1、四六级翻译语法第一讲虚拟语气 虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下： 1.(should)+动词原形的情形(已考) 2.if或butfor等引导的条件句(已考) 3.wish,ifonly,itistime…的用法 (should)+动词原形的情形 1.在动词suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist,require,decide,promise,resolve,argue,maintain,determine,recommend,advise
2、,advocate,persuade等表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”动词后的宾语从句中。 Sheinsistedthattheseats(should)bebookedinadvance.她坚持要预定座位。 Headvisedthatthedoctor(should)besentfor.他劝我们派人请医生。 注：如果上述动词作其他意思解释，或者说话者认为所讲的事是事实，要用陈述语气。 Whenaskedwhyhedeclinedourinvitation,hesuggestedthathewasnotongo
3、odtermswiththedirector. 真题重现 【CET-4:2006.6】Theprofessorrequiredthat__________________(我们交研究报告)。 参考答案：wehandinourresearchreport(s) 2.在advice,demand,order,necessity,resolution,decision,proposal,requirement,suggestion,idea,recommendation,request,plan,等名词后的主语从句或
4、表语从句中------上面动词对应的名词 Heissuedtheorderthatthetroops(should)withdrawatonce.他命令部队马上撤退。11 3.在形容词important,necessary,imperative,natural,urgent,essential,appropriate,desirable,vital,advisable,preferable,incredible以及短语nowonder,apity等可以构成“Itis+形容词(名词)+that”句型中。 Itisn
5、ecessarythatsomeimmediateeffort(should)bemade.必须立即采取行动。 真题重现 【CET-6:2007.6】Itisabsolutelyunfairthatthesechildren______(被剥夺了受教育的权利). 参考答案：Thesechildren(should)bedeprivedoftherighttoreceiveeducation. if或butfor等引导的条件句★★★ if引导虚拟条件句的用法条件从句结果主句与现在事实相反动词过去式(be动词用w
6、ere)would+动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词(haddone)wouldhavedone与将来事实相反一般过去时/were+不定式/should+动词原形would(should)+动词原形 Hewouldn’tfeelsocoldifhewereindoors.他要是在室内就不会觉得冷了。(与现在事实相反) IamsorryIamverybusyjustnow.IfIhadtime,Iwouldcertainlygotothemovieswithyou. 我很抱歉，现在很忙。如果有时间，我肯定陪你
7、去看电影了。(与现在事实相反) Theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessfulifwehadn’tmadeadequatepreparations. 如果我们不做充分的准备，会议是不会开得这么成功的。(与过去事实相反)11 Ifitsnowed/weretosnow/shouldsnowtomorrow,Ishould(would)stayathome. butfor=ifitwerenotfor…/ifithadnotbeenfor…l Butforyourhelpthe
8、ywouldnothavefulfilledthetaskintime. 真题重现 【CET-4:2006.12】Thevictim_______________________(本来会有机会活下来)ifhehadbeentakentohospitalintime 参考答案：wouldhavesurvived【CET-6:2
