论马克思的语言思想——从存在论视角对其语言思想的一种考察

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1、AbstractThethesisisundertakingtounveilthelinguisticbearingofMarx’Sthoughtwhichcouldbedefined嬲the“ontologyofsensualactivity'’．InMarx’Scontext，languageisnotonlytheexpressionbutyettheresultofthesensualactivity,andaccordingly,theessenceoflanguageshouldbeperceived鹤anexistence

2、categorywhichindicatestherichnessoftheexistenceofhumanbeings．Language，asMarxconceivesit，istherelationshipbetweenconsciousnessandthought,andthereforeshouldbesensualandhistorical．Inshort，languageisthe‘'sensualnature'’．Furthermore,sincethecollapsingoflanguagederivesfromthea

3、lienationofreallife，allultimatereformationisurgentlyneeded．Consideringtheintendedaim，themethodologyofthisthesisiscomprehensiveandhastobethreefold．First'aclearcomprehensionofMarx’Stheoryisneeded；secondly,awellgraspoftraditionallinguisticswouldbenecessary(tomeetthisrequest

4、，thethesiswillconcentrateonWilliamHumboldt’SlinguisticthoughO；andthirdly,weneedaframeofreferencetosettledownMarx’stheory(intllisthesis，wewillappealtoMartinHeidegger)．Mydiscussioncouldbedividedintofourparts：First，byanalyzingWilliamHumboldt’Slinguisticphilosophy,I'mwilling

5、toattainapanoramaoftraditionallinguistics．Secondly,byelaboratingtheMartinHeidegger'slinguisticthought，I'mendeavoringtoprepareatheoreticreferenceforMarx’stheory．Thirdly,whichisthesubjectmatterofthisthesis，1willdiscussMarx’srevolutiononlinguistics．Theargumentwillbeadvanced

6、fromfourbearings：“languageandconsciousness’’，‘‘languageandsensualnature’’，‘‘languageandhistory'’and“languageandthought’'．Finally,1wanttorevealtheinfluenceandsignificanceofMarx’slinguisticthought，especiallyinthecotemporarycontext．Keywords：Language；Ontology；Ontologyofsensu

7、alactivity；Sensualactivity；Sensualconsciousness；Sensualnaturalworld；Historical3导论语言始终是直接关涉着人之世界的根本问题。从全部方面来看，对语言自身的理解都是至关紧要的大问题。对语言的思考不仅关乎语言本身，它本质上牵连到对人及人之世界的理解。正因为语言问题的根本重要性，语言哲学已然成为当代西方哲学最为重要的领域之一。以当代法国哲学为例，无可争议的三大主题首先是语言，然后才是身体、他者。鉴于马克思对语言思考的广度和深度，全面探讨他的存在论语言思想就尤为必要。对

8、马克思语言思想的存在论理解，不论是对哲学理论、还是语言学理论，都具有重大的理论意义与现实意义。此种意义在理论上主要表现在：立足于“感性活动本体论”来研究马克思的语言思想，这就使得从几个本质重要的方面对其语言