论共同犯罪的实行过限

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1、目录摘要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„ⅠAbstract„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„Ⅲ引言„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1一、共同犯罪实行犯罪的概说„„„„„„„„„„„„2（一）实行过限的规定„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2（二）实行过限的界说„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4二、共同实行过限犯存在的范围„„„„„„„„„„„8（一）组织犯与实行过限„„„„„„„„„„„„„„8（二）实行犯与实行过限„„„„„„„„„„„„„„11（三）教唆犯与实行过限„„„„„„„„„„„„„„14（四）帮助犯与实行过限„„„„„„

2、„„„„„„„„17三、刑法中的事实错误与共同犯罪的实行过限„„„„„20（一）组织犯的事实错误与实行过限„„„„„„„„„20（二）实行犯的事实错误与实行过限„„„„„„„„„21（三）教唆犯的事实错误与实行过限„„„„„„„„„23（四）帮助犯的事实错误与实行过限„„„„„„„„„24四、罪数形态与共同犯罪的实行过限„„„„„„„„„26（一）结果加重犯与实行过限„„„„„„„„„„„26（二）法规竞合犯与实行过限„„„„„„„„„„„29（三）转化犯与实行过限„„„„„„„„„„„„„303（四）牵连犯与实行过限„„„„„„„„„„„„„31五、实行

3、过限犯的刑事责任„„„„„„„„„„„„33结语„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„35参考文献„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„36致谢„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„39攻读硕士学位期间发表的学术论文目录„„„„„„„404摘要共同犯罪是刑法理论中最为复杂的问题之一，是一种相对于单个人犯罪的特殊犯罪形态。共同犯罪的实行过限是指在共同犯罪的过程中，实行犯出于犯罪的故意或过失，实行了超出共同犯罪故意的范围的其他犯罪行为。共同犯罪的实行过限不能脱离共同犯罪这一过程而单独存在。笔者认为，应当立足于犯罪共同说来探讨实行过限行为，只有犯罪

4、的共同说才能说明共同犯罪人之间存在犯意联络，才能形成共同犯罪故意，才能有实行犯超出共同犯罪故意实行其他的犯罪行为，否则，不可能有超出共同犯罪故意的过限行为存在。实行过限行为存在于组织犯、实行犯、教唆犯和帮助犯之中。实行犯的行为超出了组织犯组织的概括性犯罪或明确限定的具体罪的范围，应以实行过限论；不能以组织犯对实行犯可能实行的犯罪有所预见就让组织犯承担刑事责任，组织犯预见的实行犯实施的其他行为应是过限行为。实行犯共同实行概括性犯罪时，是否有过限行为的发生，应根据对概括、抽象的危害结果的认识及意志，结合各实行犯的动机、目的等进行综合判断。如果某实行犯超出共同犯

5、罪故意实行了其他实行犯当时不明知、但事后认可的行为，应认为存在实行过限；部分实行犯的不反对态度不能认为存在共同故意，应认为其他实行犯的行为是实行过限；部分实行犯的不作为行为和其他实行犯的过限行为不存在共同犯罪故意。教唆犯教唆他人实行犯罪时，应从重合性过限和非重合性过限等方面进行考察是否存在实行过限，实行犯的过失行为造成加重结果不认为是实行过限；帮助犯对实行犯进行帮助后，若实行犯重复利用帮助犯的帮助，实行犯的行为应认为是实行过限。实行犯的行为超出共同犯罪故意的范围，从而产生了不同构成要件的错误。笔者认为，解决不同构成要件的错误，应根据法定符合说，过限行为由实

6、行犯单独负责；对于单一错误，共犯和实行过限犯在重合的限度内成立共同犯罪；对于双重错误，组织犯和帮助犯不负刑事责任，教唆犯负教唆未遂的刑事责任。笔者不赞成结果加重犯中存在实行过限的观点，实行犯对加重结果的态度应限于过失；对于法规竞合犯是否存在实行过限，要做具体地分析；在转化犯和牵I连犯中存在实行过限。对以上各种问题的考察，目的在于确定由哪一个共同犯罪人对实行过限承担刑事责任。主客观相统一的原则，是判断行为人的行为是否构成犯罪的基本原则；行为符合犯罪构成是行为人承担刑事责任的唯一根据；根据罪责自负的原则来确定由实行犯对过限行为负责。关键词：共同犯罪实行犯过限行

7、为刑事责任IIAbstractCrimeiscommonincriminallawtheoryoneofthemostcomplexissues,isasingleindividualinrelationtothespecificcrimepatternsofcrime.Theimplementationofacommoncrimeislimitedincommoncrimeintheprocessofimplementationforcrimescommittedintentionallyorinvoluntarily,theimplementation

8、ofthecommoncriminalintentbeyondth