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1、Unit11.主观题2.HowdidtheNormanConquestandtheRenaissanceinfluencetheEnglishvocabulary?Thetransitionalperiod（转型时期）fromOldEnglishtoModernEnglishisknownasMiddleEnglish(ME1100----1500),whichischaracterizedbythestronginfluenceofFrenchfollowingtheNormanConquestin1066,Frenchwasusedforallstate
2、affairsandformostsocialandculturematters,whichinfluencedEnglishindailylife.TheEnglishlanguagefrom1500tothepresentiscalledModernEnglish.IntheearlystageofthisperiodtheRenaissance（文艺复兴）broughtgreatchangetothevocabulary.Therenewed（复兴的）studyofGreekintheRenaissancenotonlyledtotheborrowin
3、gofGreekwordsindirectlythroughthemedium（媒介）ofLatin,butalsoledtotheintroductionofsomeGreekwordsdirectlyintoEnglishvocabulary.Greekborrowingsweremostlyliterary,technicalandscientificwords,(page4~5)3.Enumeratethecausesfortherapidgrowthofneologisms（新词，旧词新意，新词的创造者/使用者）afterWorldWarⅡ.Giv
4、efourexamplesforeachcause.①markedprogressofscienceandtechnology.Example:toblastoff(炸掉，炸毁),tocountdown,capsule,launchingpad②socio-economic（社会经济）,politicalandculturalchanges.Example:roller-hockey,surfriding,skydiving（跳伞运动）,disignatedhitter③theinfluencefromotherculturesandlanguages（pa
5、ge6~7）Example:cosmonaut,discotheque（小舞厅，迪斯科舞厅）,ombudsman（调查官员舞弊情况的政府官员）,apartheid（种族隔离）.4.Whatarethefundamentalfeaturesofthebasicwordstock（词库）oftheEnglishvocabulary?(1).Nationalcharacter(全民通用性)：Wordsofthebasicwordstockbelongtothepeopleasawhole,nottoalimitedgroup.(2).Stability（稳定性）:
6、Aswordsinthebasicwordstockdenotethecommonestthingsnecessarytolife,theyarelikelytoremainunchanged.However,acertainnumberofOldEnglishwordshavedroppedoutofthebasicwordstock,whilenewwordshavejoinedtherankofbasicwords,followingsocialandtechnologicalchanges.(3).Word-formingability(构词)：Ba
7、sicwordsareveryactiveinformingnewwords.(4).Abilitytoformcollocations（搭配能力）：Basicwordscombinereadilywithotherwordstoformhabitualexpressionsandphrases.Sincethegreatmajorityofthebasicwordstockarenativewords,theyarenaturallytheonesusedmostfrequentlyineverydayspeechandwriting.(Page10par
8、agraph4,5,7,8andPage11para
