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1、TheOrganizationalContextofHumanFactorsEngineeringAuthor(s):CharlesPerrowSource:AdministrativeScienceQuarterly,Vol.28,No.4(Dec.,1983),pp.521-541Publishedby:SagePublications,Inc.onbehalfoftheJohnsonGraduateSchoolofManagement,CornellUniversityStableURL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/
2、2393007.Accessed:12/12/201322:42YouruseoftheJSTORarchiveindicatesyouracceptanceoftheTerms&ConditionsofUse,availableat.http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp.JSTORisanot-for-profitservicethathelpsscholars,researchers,andstudentsdiscover,use,andbuilduponawiderang
3、eofcontentinatrusteddigitalarchive.Weuseinformationtechnologyandtoolstoincreaseproductivityandfacilitatenewformsofscholarship.FormoreinformationaboutJSTOR,pleasecontactsupport@jstor.org..SagePublications,Inc.andJohnsonGraduateSchoolofManagement,CornellUniversityarecollaborating
4、withJSTORtodigitize,preserveandextendaccesstoAdministrativeScienceQuarterly.http://www.jstor.orgThiscontentdownloadedfrom113.108.133.58onThu,12Dec201322:42:47PMAllusesubjecttoJSTORTermsandConditionsTheOrganizationalCon-Humanfactorsengineeringconcernsthedesignofequip-textofHuman
5、Factorsmentinaccordancewiththementalandphysicalcharac-teristicsofoperators.Humanfactorsengineersadvisede-Engineeringsignengineers,buttheorganizationalcontextlimitstheirinfluenceandrestrictstheirperspective.ThediscussionofCharlesPerroworganizationalcontextinthispaperexplainswhym
6、ilitaryandindustrialtopmanagementpersonnelareindifferenttogoodhumanfactorsdesignandshowshowthesocialstructurefavorsthechoiceoftechnologiesthatcentralizeauthorityanddeskilloperatorsandhowitencouragesunwarrantedattributionsofoperatorerror.Theroleofequipmentandsystemdesigninshapin
7、gcognitivemapsandmentalmodelsisexplored,andthetechnology-socialstructureparadigmisquestioned.INTRODUCTIONSomerecentdisastersandneardisastersinhigh-technologysystemshavegeneratedincreasedconcernabouttheinterac-tionofoperatorsandequipmentincomplexmilitaryandindus-trialsystems.Fif
8、teen-footbanksofidenticalswitcheswithsmallcodenumbersu
