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1、论隐喻产生的语言，认知和文化原因 摘要：隐喻的产生有多种因素。人类"思维的贫困"产生了隐喻。隐喻不仅是一种认知现象，同时又是一种语言现象。本文从隐喻产生的角度出发，探讨了隐喻与语言，认知以及文化之间存在的联系。 关键词:隐喻，语言，认知，文化 TheEmergenceofMetaphor:onthelinguistic,cognitiveandculturalcauses Abstract:Complexfactorsgaverisethephenomenonofmetaphor.The"Povertyofthought"madetheemergenceofmetaphor.Me
2、taphorismorethanameansofrhetoric,isanimportantbasisofbuildingthenewlanguageforms.Metaphorisnotonlyakindoflanguagephenomenon,butalsoakindofphenomenonofhumancognition. Keywords:metaphor,language,cognition,culture Ⅰ.Introduction Howdoesmetaphorcomeout?Duetothelimitationofthinkingabilityorlackofex
3、istedwordsorexpressions,humanbeingshavetouseanotherthingtotalkaboutsomethingwhilecognizingchangingobjects,whichmeansthattheymustusemetaphorastheircognitivemeasure.Theemergenceanduseofmetaphorisacommonphenomenonofnaturallanguage.Traditionalmetaphortheorytakes6metaphorasakindoflinguisticphenomenon,
4、whichisakindofrhetoricphenomenonformodifyingtheutterance.However,metaphorisnotonlyalinguisticphenomenon,moreimportantisakindofphenomenonofhumancognition.Linguisticmetaphoroccursonvariouslinguisticlevelsandtakeswordsorsentencesasits'focus'andcontextasits'frame'.Whetherametaphorhasoccurredandhowits
5、houldbeinterpretedisentirelydependentoncontext.Theessenceofmetaphoristocomprehendandexperienceonethingthroughanother.Therefore,inamannerofspeaking,metaphorissemanticinteractionofthetwocognitionfields. Ⅱ.HowdoesMetaphorEmerge? Metaphorisacomprehensivelinguisticphenomenon.Itisthenaturaldevelopmen
6、tofthinkingandlanguage.Whenpeople'sthinkingdevelopedtoacertainstage,ithasnotsatisfiedunderstandingandexpressionforspecificthings,butneedtocognize,thinkandexpresssomeabstractconceptsandthoughts.Atthistime,peopledidnotendlesslycreatenewwords,butassociatedthenewabstractconceptswiththeirknownmatters,
7、andfoundthesimilaritybetweeneachother,thususingtheexistingknowledgetothinkaboutandexpressthenewconcept.Asaresult,emergedtheprojectionbetweentwocognitivedomain,andametaphoricallanguageisformed.6 Ⅲ.LanguageandMetaphor
