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1、1IntroductionIdiomisderivedfromtheGreek“Idioma”and“idiomatikos”,whichmeanspeculiarorpeculiarity.AlthoughlinguistsofdifferentagesdifferfromeachotheronthescopeofEnglishidiom,inabroadsense,idiomswithagreatnumberofvocabularies,mayinclude“setphrases,proverbs,sayings,epigrams,slangexpressions,colloqu
2、ialisms,quotations,two-partallegoricalsayingsofwhichthefirstpartisalwaysdescriptive,whilethesecondpartoftencarriesthemessage”[1].NotonlydothelinguistsofdifferentagesdisagreewitheachotheronthescopeofEnglishidiom,theyhavealsomadedifferentdefinitionsofit.ButwhilestudyingsomanydocumentsaboutEnglish
3、idiomofdifferenttimes,youcanfindthattheolderthedocumentsare,themoreindistinctthedefinitionsare.Forexample,somelinguistsjustdefinedtheidiomas“anacceptedphrase,construction,orexpression,whichisdifferentfromtheliteral”[1].Englishidiomsarefixedexpressionsorphrases,oftencarryingspecialmeaningsthatca
4、nnotbeguessedfromtheirindividualparts.Theyoftenhaveadistantoriginandalongdevelopment,fullofrelativelystrongnationalcoloringorlocalfeatures,widelyusedamongthepeopleandestablishedbythepeoplethroughlongsocialpractice.Someoftheidiomsarevivid,humorousandexplicit,whileothersareimplicit,containingmore
5、thanonemeaning,andcanbringvarietiesofassociations.Soyouhavetojudgethemeaningfromthewholetext.Idiomsarethelanguageordialectofpeople,ofaregionandaclass,etc.Andtheyarethespecialwayofpeopleexpressingtheirculture,region,ideasandlifepatterns,etc.Theyhavecharacteristicsofnationality,regionalism,andfix
6、ednessofstructures.Collocatedbymorethantwowordscustomarily,theyarefixedphrases,prohibitinganychangeofwordsorofeachindividualpartoftheidiomfromeachotheratwill.Forexample,“kickthebucket”ismadeupofthreemorphemes,andcannotbeaddedorreducedfreely.Itcannotbechangedtobe“kickthebigbucket”,or“kickthepail
7、”.Besides,vividandaffluentdevicesofrhetoricarealsotheidioms’characteristics.Rhetoricisacommondevicewidelyusedinthe15Englishidioms.Idiomitselfistheapplicationandexpressionofrhetoric,whilewritersoftenviewtheidiomasafigureofspeechtoc
