上尿路结石患者行eswl治疗后并发症及预防措施

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1、上尿路结石患者行ESWL治疗后并发症及预防措施［摘要］目的探令体外冲击波碎石治疗上尿路结石后的并发症和应采取的预防措施。方法选取我院自2014年9月〜2016年10月泌尿科收治进行ESWL治疗的患者500例，对术后产生的并发症采取相应的处理措施，并根据有无并发症分为观察组与对照组，比较两组患者观察指标的差异；进一步将观察组患者分成血尿组、尿路感染组、血尿合并尿路感染组，分别与对照组比较观察指标差异。总结出预防ESWL术后并发症的最佳预防措施。结果500例患者的体外碎石有效率为94.8%；387例患者

2、治疗后出现血尿、肾绞痛、皮肤出血、石街、尿路感染和肾包膜下血肿六种并发症，并发症比率从高到低不等。观察组、血尿组、尿路感染组、血尿合并尿路感染组在结石冲击次数、能量、长度及宽度方面明显高于对照组。结论掌握ESWL治疗的并发症发生原因，针对每种并发症采取最佳的预防措施，可以减少或避免并发症的发生，以增强疗效。［关键词］上尿路结石；体外冲击波碎石；并发症；预防措施；血尿［中图分类号］R693+.4［文献标识码］B［文章编号］1673-970118-0091-04Thecomplicationsandpr

3、eventivemeasuresaftertreatmentofESWLinpatientswithupperurinarycalculiTANGXiayanLithotripsyCenter,JinhuaCentralHospitalinZhejiangProvince，Jinhua321000，China[Abstract]ObjectiveToexplorethecomplicationsandthepreventivemeasurestobetakenafterthetreatmentofu

4、pperurinarycalculiwithextracorporealshockwavelithotripsy.Methods500patientstreatedwithESWLinourhospitalfromSeptember2014toOctober2016wereenrolled.Thecorrespondingmeasuresweretakentodealwiththecomplicationsaftersurgery.Thepatientsweredividedintoobservat

5、iongroupandcontrolgroup，andthedifferencesinobservationindexeswerecomparedbetweenthetwogroups.Thepatientsintheobservationgroupweredividedintohematuriagroup,urinarytractinfectiongroupandhematuriacombinedwithurinarytractinfectiongroup，andthedifferenceinob

6、servationindexesoftheabovegroupswerecomparedwiththethoseofcontrolgrouprespectively.AndthebestpreventivemeasurestopreventpostoperativecomplicationsofESWLweresummarized.ResultsTheeffectiverateofextracorporeallithotripsywas94.8%in500patients.Sixkindsofcom

7、plicationsincludinghematuria，renalcolic，skinbleeding,stonestreet，urinarytractinfectionandrenalsubcapsularhematomaoccurredin387patients.Withcomplicationraterangingfromhightolow.Thenumberofstoneshocks，energy，lengthandwidthintheobservationgroup，hematuriag

8、roup，urinarytractinfectiongroupandhematuriacombinedwithurinarytractinfectiongroupwerehigherthanthoseinthecontrolgroup.ConclusionMasteringthecausesofcomplicationsofESWLtreatmentandtakingthebestprecautionsforeachcomplicationcanreduceoravo