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1、Guncultureisaculturesharedbypeopleinthegunpoliticsdebate,generallythosewhoadvocatepreservinggunrightsandwhoaregenerallyagainstmoreguncontrol.IntheUnitedStates,thetermisusedsolelytoidentifygunadvocateswhoarelegitimateandlegalownersandusersofguns,usinggunsforselfdefense,sportinguses(hunting),a
2、ndrecreationaluses(targetshooting).InplaceswherethoserightshavebeenlostsuchastheUKandAustralia,"gunculture"referstotheuseofgunsbycriminals(astheyaretheoneswhoremainarmed).AccordingtopoliticalscientistRobertSpitzer,theAmericanguncultureasitexiststodayisfoundedonthreefactors;theproliferationof
3、firearmssincetheearliestdaysofthenation,theconnectionbetweenpersonalownershipofweaponsandthecountry'srevolutionaryandfrontierhistory,andtheculturalmythologyregardingtheguninthefrontierandinmodernlife.Spitzerwritesthat:TwoelementsofthemodernAmericangunculturehavesurvivedsincetheearliestdaysof
4、thecountry:thehunting/sportingethosthemilitia/frontierethosTheHunting/SportingethosemergedwhenAmericawasanagrariannationinwhichhuntingwasavaluablesourceofsupplyingfoodforsettlers,gunswereameansofprotectionfromanimalpredators,andthemarketforfurscouldprovideasourceofincome.Acquiringshootingski
5、llswasconnectedwithsurvival,andacquiringtheseskillswasa"riteofpassage"forboysenteringmanhood.Theroleofgunsasmarksofmaturitypersiststothisday.Today,huntingsurvivesasacentralcomponentofthegunculture,althoughsomepredictthat"huntingheritage"maydisappearinthetwenty-firstcentury.TheMilitia/Frontie
6、rethosemergedfromearlyAmericans'dependenceontheirwitsandskilltoprotectthemselvesfromhostileNativeAmericansandforeignarmies.Survivaldependeduponeveryonecarryingaweapon(excludingblacks,andinalargepart,women).InthelateEighteenthCentury,therewasneitherthemoneynormanpowertomaintainafull-timearmy;
7、thereforethearmedcitizensoldiercarriedtheresponsibilityofprotectinghiscountry.Serviceinmilitia,includingprovidingyourownammunitionandweapons,wasmandatoryforalladultmales.Yet,asearlyasthe1790s,themandatoryuniversalmilitiadutygavewaytovoluntarymiliti
