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1、Guncultureisaculturesharedbypeopleinthegunpoliticsdebate,generallythosewhoadvocatepreservinggunrightsandwhoaregenerallyagainstmoreguncontrol.IntheUnitedStates,thetermisusedsolelytoidentifygunadvocateswhoarelegitimateandlegalownersandusersofguns,usinggunsforselfdefense,sportinguses(hunting),andr
2、ecreationaluses(targetshooting).InplaceswherethoserightshavebeenlostsuchastheUKandAustralia,"gunculture"referstotheuseofgunsbycriminals(astheyaretheoneswhoremainarmed).AccordingtopoliticalscientistRobertSpitzer,theAmericanguncultureasitexiststodayisfoundedonthreefactors;theproliferationoffirear
3、mssincetheearliestdaysofthenation,theconnectionbetweenpersonalownershipofweaponsandthecountry'srevolutionaryandfrontierhistory,andtheculturalmythologyregardingtheguninthefrontierandinmodernlife.Spitzerwritesthat:TwoelementsofthemodernAmericangunculturehavesurvivedsincetheearliestdaysofthecountr
4、y:thehunting/sportingethosthemilitia/frontierethosTheHunting/SportingethosemergedwhenAmericawasanagrariannationinwhichhuntingwasavaluablesourceofsupplyingfoodforsettlers,gunswereameansofprotectionfromanimalpredators,andthemarketforfurscouldprovideasourceofincome.Acquiringshootingskillswasconnec
5、tedwithsurvival,andacquiringtheseskillswasa"riteofpassage"forboysenteringmanhood.Theroleofgunsasmarksofmaturitypersiststothisday.Today,huntingsurvivesasacentralcomponentofthegunculture,althoughsomepredictthat"huntingheritage"maydisappearinthetwenty-firstcentury.TheMilitia/Frontierethosemergedfr
6、omearlyAmericans'dependenceontheirwitsandskilltoprotectthemselvesfromhostileNativeAmericansandforeignarmies.Survivaldependeduponeveryonecarryingaweapon(excludingblacks,andinalargepart,women).InthelateEighteenthCentury,therewasneitherthemoneynormanpowertomaintainafull-timearmy;thereforethearmedc
7、itizensoldiercarriedtheresponsibilityofprotectinghiscountry.Serviceinmilitia,includingprovidingyourownammunitionandweapons,wasmandatoryforalladultmales.Yet,asearlyasthe1790s,themandatoryuniversalmilitiadutygavewaytovoluntarymiliti
